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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the two main types of synapses?
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chemical and electrical
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where are electrical synapses commonly found
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cardaic and smooth
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in the initial segment there is a higher density of what that lowers the threshold
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voltage gated SODIUM channels
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what is an autoreceptor
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as activated by a neurotrans, this works by negative feedback to release or inhibit the release of more neurotrans
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what is long term potentiation
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this is when frequent stimulation leads to long lasting changes kind of like learning and memory
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what receptors bind ACh and describe them
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nicotinic and muscarinic. nicotinis are neuromuscular junctions. muscarinic are junctions with the organ or gland. Both are foudn in the brain as well.
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what binds epi and ne
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alpha beta adrenergic
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what is serotonin derived from
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tryptophan
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what are the most prevalent neurotrans in the CNS
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amino acids neurotrans including glutamate glycine and GABA
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what binds the aa neurotrans
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AMPA NDMA
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what are examples of neuropeptide neurotrans
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substance p
opiods |
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why are neurotrans faster than neuro mods
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direct effect vs indirect g proteins
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what is the major neurotrans of the PNS? the CNS?
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PNS is ACh
CNS is amino acid |
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true or false. the thalamus and hypothal are found in the diecephalon
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true!
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describe somatic neurons
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large myelinated
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what kind of receptor do the somatic neurons act on (musc or nicotinic)
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nicotinic unlike the parasymp which is muscarinic and the symp which is adrenergic
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autonomic or somatic. which can only lead to excitation or contraction but not inhibition
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somatic we'd be in trouble if it were for ANS
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in what two ways do we distinguish a strong stimulus from a weak one
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increased freq
recruitment |
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what are three factors that affect stimulus coding
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size
density overlap lateral inhibition |
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what are the three major classes of hormones
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amines
proteins and peptides steroids |
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what are the effects of insulin on the muscles adipocytes and liver
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increase glucose uptake increase glucose uptake increase glucose uptake during the absorptive state
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how can we take up more glucose into the cell
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insulin binds sending a signal transduction pathways to send a transporter to bring insulin into the cell. This will maybe enhance facilitated diffusion of glucose. The transporter cell is recycled later.
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what are four things that promote insulin and the one thing that inhibits
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promotions are amino acids glucose GIP and parasymp
only inhibitor is symp |
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what are five functions of cortisol during stress
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metabolism
vascular protection inflammation nonessentials |
