Physiology Exam 2 Chapter 5 Membrane Dynamics

Front 1

What helps diffusion?

Back 1

1. Fatty molecules can pass through the membrane.
2. Molecule Size (the smaller the better)
3. Membrane Thickness

Front 2

The Rate of Diffusion:
Fick's Law of Diffusion.

Back 2

Rate of diffusion= surface area+ concentration gradient+ membrane permeability/ membrane thickness

Front 3

4 major Functions of Membrane Proteins

Back 3

1. structural proteins: give shape
2. Enzymes
3. Receptors
4. Transporters (allow movements in/out of cell)

Front 4

Membrane Transporters: Channel Proteins: Gated Channels...

Back 4

open and close in response to signals

Front 5

Membrane Transporters: Channel Proteins: open channels...

Back 5

or pores are usually open

Front 6

Membrane Transporters: Carrier Proteins: Uniport Carriers...

Back 6

transports only one kind of substrate

Front 7

Membrane Transporters: Carrier Proteins: Symport Carriers

Back 7

move 2 or more substates in the same direction across the membrane.

Front 8

Membrane Transporters: Carrier Proteins: Antiport Carriers

Back 8

Move substrates in the opposite direction.

Front 9

Primary Active Transport

Back 9

The energy to push molecules against their concentration gradient comes directly from the high-energy phosphate bond.

Front 10

ATP-ase

Back 10

primary active transport uses ATP as its energy source many primary active transporters are known as....

Front 11

Secondary Active Transport

Back 11

uses potential energy stored in the concentration gradient of one molecule to push other molecules against their concentration gradient.

Front 12

Specificity

Back 12

the ability of a transport to move only one molecule or only a group of closely related molecules

Front 13

Competition

Back 13

a transporter may move several members of a related group of substrates, but those substrates compete with one another for binding sites on the transporter.

Front 14

Saturation

Back 14

depends on the substrate concentration and the number of carrier molecules, a property that is shared by enzymes and other binding proteins.

Front 15

Phagocytosis

Back 15

engulfing something big (the cold)

Front 16

Endocytosis

Back 16

engulfing something small (the flu)

Front 17

Osmotic pressure

Back 17

the pressure that exactly opposes a given concentration gradient

Front 18

Osmotic equilibrium

Back 18

water moves freely between the cells and extracellular fluid