Physiology 6 - Blood Flow, Pressure, And Resistance

Front 1

WHat drives blood flow?

Back 1

mean arterial pressure MAP

Front 2

If you increase the radius of a vessel, what happens to resistance and flow?

Back 2

resistance down
flow up

Front 3

If you decrease the radius of a vessel, what happens to resistance and flow?

Back 3

resistance up
flow down

Front 4

Radius to the fourth = ____

Back 4

flow

Front 5

1/radius to the fourth = ____

Back 5

resistance

Front 6

When the ventricle has the lowest volume in it, the aorta has the ____ pressure. This is known as ____ pressure and ____ volume.

Back 6

highest
systolic
end systolic

Front 7

When the ventricle has the highest volume in it, the aorta has the ____ pressure. This is known as ____ pressure and ____ volume.

Back 7

lowest
diastolic
end diastolic

Front 8

What is considered normal blood pressure?

Back 8

120mmHg systolic pressure
80mmHg diastolic pressure

Front 9

Vasoconstriction ____ resistance and ____ the flow.

Back 9

increases
decreases

Front 10

Vasodialation ____ resistance and ____ the flow.

Back 10

decreases
increases

Front 11

What mainly influences resistance?

Back 11

vessel diameter

Front 12

An increase of NE on Alpha1-receptors on arteriolar smooth muscle results in vaso____ which ____ blood flow.

Back 12

constriction
decreases

Front 13

What receptor is involved with cardiac pacemaker cells and sympathetic NE release?

Back 13

Beta1-receptors

Front 14

A decrease of NE on Alpha1-receptors on arteriolar smooth muscle results in vaso____ which ____ blood flow

Back 14

dilation
increases

Front 15

An increase of NE on Beta2-receptors on arteriolar smooth muscle results in vaso____ which ____ blood flow. Where are these B2-receptors usually found?

Back 15

dilation
increases
arteriolar smooth muscles of the heart and skeletal muscle

Front 16

During fright or flight, NE binds to ____ receptors to increase blood flow to the heart and skeletal muscle, and binds to ____ receptors to decrease blood flow in the rest of the body.

Back 16

Beta2
Alpha1

Front 17

Where is blood flow coordinated?

Back 17

medulla oblongata

Front 18

Baroreceptors are located in the ____ and ____.

Back 18

aorta
carotid artery

Front 19

What are baroreceptors?

Back 19

stretch sensitive mechanoreceptors

Front 20

If BP goes up the baroreceptor will ____ and ____ firing

Back 20

stretch
increase

Front 21

If BP goes down the baroreceptor will ____ and ____ firing

Back 21

unstretch
decrease

Front 22

What are the two types of capillaries, and which one is leakier?

Back 22

continuous
fenestrated (leakier)

Front 23

When flow out of the capillary is higher it is called ____.

Back 23

filtration

Front 24

When flow into the capillary is higher it is called ____.

Back 24

absorption

Front 25

Hydrostatic pressure in the capillary favors water movement ____ the capillary, also know as ____.

Back 25

out of
filtration

Front 26

What creates water absorption into the capillaries?

Back 26

Osmotic pressure from plasma proteins in the capillary

Front 27

What is the main driver of filtration?

Back 27

Hydrostatic pressure

Front 28

What is the main driver of absorption?

Back 28

Osmotic pressure

Front 29

What drops as you move along the capillary?

Back 29

Hydrostatic pressure

Front 30

What is more favored as you move down the capillary?

Back 30

osmotic pressure

Front 31

As you get closer to the venous end of a capillary what is the movement of water?

Back 31

absorption

Front 32

The closer you are in a capillary to the artery, the more water wants to move ____ the cell.

Back 32

out of

Front 33

Net pressure out of a capillary will be a ___ number.

Back 33

positive

Front 34

Net pressure into a capillary will be a ____ number.

Back 34

negative

Front 35

Approximately how much of the water lost from a capillary goes back into the capillary? Where does the rest go?

Back 35

9/10
to the lymphatic system

Front 36

If filtration is much greater than absorption, what will occur?

Back 36

the lymphatic system will likely get overwhelmed and edema will occur

Front 37

What is edema?

Back 37

pooling of excess capillary fluid in interstitial space

Front 38

An obstruction/blockage of the lymphatic system will likely lead to ____ as well as the condition ____.

Back 38

edema
elephantiasis

Front 39

Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure will ____ CVP and could lead to ____ and ultimately ____ failure.

Back 39

increase
edema
heart

Front 40

A ____ in plasma protein could lead to edema? Why, and what could cause this?

Back 40

decrease
since the interstitial fluid would have more proteins, water would leave the capillaries more than normal and overwhelm the lymphatic system causing the pooling of fluid in interstitial space
malnutrition, liver failure

Front 41

A ____ in interstitial proteins could lead to edema? What could cause this?

Back 41

increase
sprain ankle, tear of the cell membrane

Front 42

A histamine release during an allergic reaction could cause what leading to edema?

Back 42

leaking capillary wall

Front 43

What are the three functions of the lymphatic system?

Back 43

RETURN FLUID and proteins from capillaries to circulation
filter capillary fluid and DESTROY PATHOGENS
pick up FATS and transfer to circulatory system

Front 44

Where is lymph redeposited?

Back 44

into the right heart via the subclavian vein