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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is a cell
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basic functional unit of most living organisms
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how many difft types of cells in human body
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>200
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diff between cytology and cell biology
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cytology - anatomy of cell. cell bio = physiology of cell.
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what's a zygote
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fertilized ovum (egg)
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does each cell have different dna?
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no, exactly the same. during differentiation, only select genes are activated depending on it's intended function.
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cell as medieval walled city
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wall = plasmalemma. gates = protein. ruler (internal and intercellular)= DNA. foreign invaders = pathogens. food & supplies = external environment.
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cells are surrounded by _________, which is used for _________
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ECF (dilute salt solution;) transmit nutrients, wastes, chemical communications
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cell divided into 3 main components:
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cell membrane, nucleus and cytoplasm
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cytoplam fluid portion; cytoplam structures
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cytosol; organelles
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functions of plasmalemma
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separate internal from ecf, gateway and barrier, guarded wall
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what's the cytosol made of
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dissolved nutrients, proteins, ions, wastes, insoluble inclusions (glycogen granules and lipid droplets)
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2 groups of nonmembranous organelles that are in direct contact C cytosol
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RNA/protein and insoluble chon fibers
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RNA/protein organelles: ribosomes
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small dense granules that MAKE chon per DNA's directions. fixed on outside of ER or free (somtimes clustered as pollyribosomes)
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which cells have the most ribosomes
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those that make CHON to be exported (ex: enzymes)
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what's a vault
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newly discovered organelle (RNA/chon) in every cell C nuclues (eukaryotic)
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organelles made of chon fibers: 3 sizes
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(1) MICROfilaments. (2) INTERMED filaments, combine to make thick filaments in muscle (3) MICRO-TUBULES
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5 functions of cytoskeleton
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cell shape, stabilize organelles, intracellular xport, connect cells into tissues, cellnmovement
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what are motor chons
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chons that allow movement within cell and cell as a whole using ATP
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what's a centrosome
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center-body, microtubule assembly area, contains 2 centrioles
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what's a centriole
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cylindrical bundle, 27 microtubules (9 triplets), direct DNA strand movement for cell division
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what's a cilia
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like self moving brush bristles on cell surface made of microtubules.
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