Physics Sound And Waves Test

Front 1

Wave

Back 1

transfer energy, not matter; created by vibrations

Front 2

transverse

Back 2

the medium moves perpendicular to energy; radio, microwaves, infrared

Front 3

compressional (longitudinal)

Back 3

medium moves parallel to energy; earthquakes, SOUND

Front 4

Electromagnetic

Back 4

can travel through empty space; radio, micro, IR, visible light, UV, x-ray, Gamma

Front 5

Mechanical

Back 5

need a medium to travel through

Front 6

amplitude

Back 6

distance from normal resting position to the top of the crest or bottom of trough

Front 7

wavelength

Back 7

distance between successive parts of a wave; crest to crest or trough to trough

Front 8

crest

Back 8

top of the wave

Front 9

trough

Back 9

bottom of the wave

Front 10

node

Back 10

points along the medium which undergo vibrations between a large positive and negative displacement

Front 11

compression

Back 11

opposite of rarefaction

Front 12

rarefaction

Back 12

reduction of a medium's density

Front 13

frequency

Back 13

Hz=waves/second; as frequency increases, wavelength decreases

Front 14

pitch

Back 14

describes frequency of sound waves; human hearing= 20Hz-20000Hz

Front 15

loudness

Back 15

depends on amplitude; bigger amplitude, louder sound

Front 16

hertz

Back 16

unit for frequency; waves/second

Front 17

speed of sound

Back 17

300 m/s

Front 18

speed of light

Back 18

3 E 8 m/s

Front 19

destructive interference

Back 19

when the crest of one wave meets up with the trough of another they cancel each other out

Front 20

constructive interference

Back 20

when the crest of one wave meets up with the crest of another wave the amplitude of the resulting wave will be the sum of the two

Front 21

resonance

Back 21

occurs when the forced vibration is at an objects natural frequency (breaking a glass with a voice)

Front 22

beats

Back 22

created by constructive and destructive interferences; periods of sounds followed by soft sounds; when 2 waves of different frequencies interfere with one another

Front 23

Doppler effect

Back 23

relative motion creates a change in frequency when the object creating the sound and the observer are moving farther apart the pitch is lower, when the object creating the sound and the observer are moving closer together the pitch is higher

Front 24

sonic boom

Back 24

when the object creating a sound moves faster than the sound waves it's creating the compressions constructively interfere and create a "wall" of sound heard as a "boom" when the sound passes an observer