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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Atom
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the smallest particle of an element that has all of the element's chemical properties
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Brownian motion
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the haphazard movement of tiny particles suspended in a gas or liquid resulting from their bombardment by the fast-moving atoms or molecules of the gas or liquid
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Atomic nucleus
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the core of an atom, consisting of two basic subatomic particles-protons and neutrons
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Element
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a pure substance consisting of only one kind of atom
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Atomic number
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the number that designates the identity of an element, which is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom; in a neutral atom, the atomic number is also the number of electrons in the atom
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the periodic table of the elements
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a chart that lists the elements in horizontal rows by their atomic number and in vertical columns by their similar electron arrangements and chemical properties
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Quantum mechanics
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the theory of the small-scale world that includes predicted wave properties of matter
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Isotopes
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Different forms of an atom that contains the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
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Atomic mass unit (amu)
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the standard unit of atomic mass, which is equal to 1/12 the mass of the common atom of carbon, arbitrarily given the value of exactly 12
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Compound
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a material in which atoms of different elements are chemically bonded to one another
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Mixture
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a substance whose components are mixed together without combining chemically
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Molecule
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a group of atoms held together by a sharing of electrons. Atoms combine to form molecules
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antimatter
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a "complementary" form of matter composed of antiparticles having the same mass as particles of ordinary matter but being opposite in charge
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Dark matter
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Unseen and unidentified matter that is evident by its gravitational pull on stars in the galaxies. Along with dark energy, dark matter constitutes perhaps 90% of the stuff of the universe
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