Physics Exam Review (Gr. 11)

Front 1

Multiplication and Division of Sig. Figs.

Back 1

First, do the calculations as you usually would.

Then, round the answer to the same number of sig figs that is in the number with the least number of significant digits in your calculation.

Front 2

Addition and Subtraction of Sig. Figs.

Back 2

First, do the calculations as you usually would

Then, round the answer to the same number of decimal places as the number in the calculations with the fewest decimal places.

Front 3

International System of Units

Back 3

Kilo (1000)

Hecto (100)

Deca (10)

UNIT

Deci (0.1)

Centi (0.01)

Milli (0.001)

Front 4

What Do We Measure Things In?

Back 4

We measure length in meters (m), we measure mass in grams (g), and we measure volume in litres (L)

Front 5

Position, Distance, and Displacement

Back 5

Scalars--measurements that have no direction

Vectors--measurements that have direction

Origin--the point 'zero' on a graph

Position--how far away an object is from the origin

Distance--the total distance an object travels

Displacement--the straight line distance from where you started and where you ended

Front 6

Speed and Velocity

Back 6

Speed is a scalar and had no direction. Its formula is distance/time.

Velocity is a vector and therefore has a direction. Its formula is displacement/time

Front 7

Free Fall Notes

Back 7

1) If an object is moving downwards, it has a negative velocity

2) Acceleration is negative as it pulls objects down.

3) If an object is falling, it will have a negative distance

4) G represents the acceleration due to gravity and it is -9.8 m/s/s

Front 8

Case 1, Case 2, Case 3

Back 8

Case 1--initial velocity is 0 m/s

Case 2--initial velocity is a negative number

Case 3--initial velocity is a positive number

Front 9

Kinematics Vs. Dynamics

Back 9

Kinematics is the study of the motion of objects, without caring about the forces. Dynamics is kinematics, but paying attention to the forces.

Front 10

What is Force?

Back 10

Force is the push or pull on an object, and it is a vector. It is measured in newtons (N)

Front 11

What are the Four Fundamental Forces?

Back 11

Strong Nuclear Force--the attractive force that holds protons and neutrons in the nucleus.

Weak Nuclear Force--force exerted between all subatomic particles.

Gravitational Force--attractive force that object exert on each other depending on their masses

Electromagnetic Force--force that charged particles exert on each other

Front 12

Newtons Three Laws

Back 12

1) An object at rest will stay at rest and an object in motion will remain in motion unless acted upon by a greater force

2) Force = mass * acceleration

3) Every action has an opposite and equal reaction

Front 13

Mass, Weight, and Apparent Weight.

Back 13

Mass refers to an objects inertia, or resistance to being accelerated upon. It is measured in kilograms (Kg). Mass is the same everywhere, as it refers to what you are made of. Weight refers to the force experienced by an object because of gravity pulling on it. Apparent weight refers to an object seeming heavier or lighter due to being accelerated or decelerated.

Front 14

Magnetic Fields

Back 14

Magnetic fields are defined as the region of space around a magnet where another magnet will experience a force.

Front 15

Domain Theory

Back 15

The domain theory states that all large magnets are made up of many smaller magnetic regions called domains. Each domain is made up of even smaller magnetic regions called dipoles.

Front 16

Magnetic Field Line Directions

Back 16

Magnetic Field lines go from the North to the South outside the magnet, and it's reversed (South to North) inside the magnet.

Front 17

Right Hand Rule

Back 17

The right hand rule is used to determine direction. Your fingers curl in the direction of the magnetic field (B), your thumb will point in the direction of the current (I), and your palm will face the direction of force.

Front 18

Speed of Sound

Back 18

Like all waves, the speed of sound depends on the medium through which it travels. It travels faster in solids than it does in gases. The speed of sound depends on the temperature. The colder it is, the slower the sound.

Front 19

Waves

Back 19

A wave is a disturbance that transfers energy. Mechanical waves require a medium to travel in.

There are two types of waves, transverse (moves the medium perpendicular to the way waves are travelling) and longitudinal (moves parallel to the medium). Transverse waves have crests (high) and troughs (low), while longitudinal waves have compression (close) and rarefactions (far)

Front 20

Waves (Con't)

Back 20

Amplitude is the maximum distance the particles of the medium carrying the wave move away from their rest positions as a wave passes through. Wavelength is the distance between two corresponding parts of a wave. Frequency is the number of complete waves that pass in an amount of time, measured in Hertz (Hz).

Front 21

Nodes Vs. Antinodes

Back 21

Nodes are the waves minimum amplitude. Antinodes are the waves maximum amplitude.

Front 22

Diffraction and Refraction of Waves.

Back 22

Diffraction is the bending of waves around sharp corners and through small opening. The longer the wavelength, the more significant the diffraction. Refraction is when light is bent when passing into another surface (ex: light from air passing into water)

Front 23

Converting From M/S to Km/Hr

Back 23

To convert something from m/s to km/hr, multiply by 3.6

To convert something from km/hr into m/s, divide by 3.6.

Front 24

Measurements, Their Symbol, Unit, and Unit Symbol of Electromagnetism

Back 24

Force--F--newtons--N

Charge--Q--coloumbs--C

Current--I--amperes--A

Magnetic Field--B--teslas--T