Rad Protection Exam 1

Front 1

1 Gy is equal to how many rads

Back 1

1 Gy = 100 rad

Front 2

1 Sv is equal to how many rems

Back 2

1 Sv = 100 rems

Front 3

What is the formula for Equivalent dose?

Back 3

EqD= D x Wr

Front 4

What is the formula for Effective dose?

Back 4

EfD= D x Wr x Wt

Front 5

Formula to find velocity

Back 5

V= d/ t

Front 6

Formula for acceleration

Back 6

a = v2-v1/ t

Front 7

Formula for frequency

Back 7

F = c / λ

Front 8

Formula for Energy

Back 8

E = (h)(f)

Front 9

formula for force

Back 9

F = ma

Front 10

formula for work

Back 10

W = fd

Front 11

formula for momentum

Back 11

p = mv

Front 12

formula for power

Back 12

P = W/ t

Front 13

formula for Kinetic energy

Back 13

Ek = 1/2m(v)^2

Front 14

formula for potential energy

Back 14

Ep= mgh

Front 15

what is the formula for weight

Back 15

w= mg

Front 16

Alpha decay

Back 16

minus (4) nucleons and minus (2) protons

Front 17

Beta minus decay

Back 17

add one proton

Front 18

Beta plus decay

Back 18

minus one proton

Front 19

SI base Units include

Back 19

meter, kilogram, seconds, ampere, kelvin, mole, candela

Front 20

The ability to do work

Back 20

Energy

Front 21

SI unit for energy

Back 21

Joules

Front 22

SI derived units are

Back 22

newton, Joule, Pascal, Bq, Coulomb, watt, hertz, gray, Sv, volt, ohm, tesla

Front 23

SI unit for temperature

Back 23

Kelvin

Front 24

Heat is transferred through two solids

Back 24

Conduction

Front 25

heat is transferred through liquid or gas

Back 25

Convection

Front 26

heat is transferred through EM radiation

Back 26

Radiation

Front 27

What are three types of radiation

Back 27

Mechanical, particulate, electromagnetic

Front 28

the basic unit of electromagnetic radiation

Back 28

photon

Front 29

A kind of radiation in which electric and magnetic fields vary simultaneously

Back 29

electromagnetic radiation

Front 30

distance between two adjacent points on a wave

Back 30

wavelength

Front 31

Radiation that has enough energy to come to an atom and knock off an electron and ionize that atom

Back 31

ionizing radiation

Front 32

What two types of radiation are produced when electrons interact with the anode target

Back 32

Bremsstrahlung radiation and characteristic radiation

Front 33

Electrons interact with the force field around the nucleus and get redirected and lose energy, energy that is lost gets released in the form of an x-ray

Back 33

Bremsstrahlung radiation

Front 34

projectile electron interacts with one of the orbital electrons and the electron gets knocked out, electrons from other shells replace the lost electron and give off radiation

Back 34

Characteristic radiation

Front 35

Electrons have a charge of

Back 35

-1

Front 36

Proton have a charge of

Back 36

+1

Front 37

Neutrons have what charge

Back 37

0

Front 38

Atomic mass stands for the number of

Back 38

protons and neutrons

Front 39

Atomic number represents the number of

Back 39

protons

Front 40

Substances that have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

Back 40

isotopes

Front 41

substances with the same number of neutrons but different number of protons

Back 41

isotones

Front 42

substances with the same number of nucleons but a different number of protons

Back 42

isobars

Front 43

Both have the same number of neutrons and protons but one is in a higher energy state

Back 43

isomers

Front 44

What is an alpha particle

Back 44

a particle made up of two protons and two neutrons

Front 45

What is a positron

Back 45

has the same mass and energy as an electrons except it is positively charged

Front 46

Decay process that gives off two protons and two neutrons in order to get stable

Back 46

Alpha decay

Front 47

Element turns a neutron into a proton in order to get stable

Back 47

Beta minus decay

Front 48

Element that turns a proton into a neutron in order to get stable

Back 48

beta plus decay

Front 49

if the element does not have enough energy to turn a proton into a neutron, it can take the energy from an electron in an outer shell. This is called

Back 49

Electron Capture

Front 50

Element is high energy and releases a gamma photon in order to relax

Back 50

Gamma Decay

Front 51

Same as gamma decay but the element just takes a little longer to decay and stabilize. Element is metastable

Back 51

Isomeric transition (IT)

Front 52

How long it takes for a substance to decay to half its original value

Back 52

Half Life

Front 53

What is Half life measured in

Back 53

any unit of time

Front 54

What is the definition of attenuation

Back 54

absorption + scatter

Front 55

radiation-matter interaction in which the incoming beam of radiation interacts with the whole atom, and the atom emit that same radiation with a 20 degree change in direction

Back 55

Coherent Scatter

Front 56

Radiation-matter interaction where the incoming photon interacts with an electron and gets absorbed. The electron is then released as a photoelectron

Back 56

Photoelectric absorption

Front 57

Most important radiation-matter interaction for producing useful patient images

Back 57

Photoelectric absorption

Front 58

Responsible for most of the scattered radiation produced during radiologic procedures

Back 58

Compton Scatter

Front 59

Incoming photon interacts with the nucleus of the atom and converts into a positron and electron

Back 59

pair production

Front 60

High energy interaction which takes place in the nucleus of the atom and releases nucleons to relax

Back 60

Photodisintegration

Front 61

The average energy transferred per unit length

Back 61

Linear Energy Transfer

Front 62

What is considered to have a low LET

Back 62

x-rays, gamma, and beta particles

Front 63

What is considered to have a high LET

Back 63

alpha particles, protons, and neutrons

Front 64

Alpha particles have a tissue penetration of what depth

Back 64

0.1 mm

Front 65

Beta particles have a tissue penetration depth of

Back 65

2.0 mm

Front 66

Protons have a tissue penetration depth of

Back 66

100 mm

Front 67

Gamma and xrays have a tissue penetration of

Back 67

300 mm

Front 68

Exposure is measured in what units

Back 68

C/kg or R

Front 69

The amount of radiation to which something is subjected is known as

Back 69

Exposure

Front 70

How do you measure radiation exposure

Back 70

ionization chamber

Front 71

Amount of radiation that is converted into heat within the medium that is exposed to radiation

Back 71

Absorbed Dose

Front 72

Absorbed dose is measured in

Back 72

Gy or Rads

Front 73

The product of the average absorbed dose in a tissue or organ and it's associated radiation weighting factor

Back 73

Equivalent dose

Front 74

Equivalent dose is measured in

Back 74

Sv or rems

Front 75

The sum of the weighted equivalent doses for all irradiated tissues or organs, incorporating both the radiation weighting factor and a tissue weighting factor

Back 75

Effective dose

Front 76

The radiation exposure of a population or a group from low doses of different sources of radiation

Back 76

Collective Effective Dose

Front 77

Collective effective dose is measured in

Back 77

person-Sieverts or man-rem

Front 78

The equivalent dose received by an internal organ during the 50 years following the intake of radioactivity into your body

Back 78

Committed equivalent dose

Front 79

The sum of the committed equivalent doses as weighted by the respective weighting factor of the organs

Back 79

Committed effective dose

Front 80

Radiations that penetrate up to 1cm into the skin

Back 80

Deep dose

Front 81

Radiations that penetrate up to 70 μm into the skin

Back 81

Shallow dose

Front 82

radiations that go 3mm into the lense of the eye

Back 82

Lens dose

Front 83

Positron decay occurs because of an excess of what in the nucleus

Back 83

protons

Front 84

Hg

Back 84

Mercury

Front 85

Co

Back 85

Cobalt

Front 86

Are x-rays considered a low or high LET radiation

Back 86

Low

Front 87

H

Back 87

Hydrogen

Front 88

He

Back 88

Helium

Front 89

Li

Back 89

Lithium

Front 90

Be

Back 90

Beryllium

Front 91

C

Back 91

Carbon

Front 92

N

Back 92

Nitrogen

Front 93

O

Back 93

Oxygen

Front 94

Na

Back 94

Sodium

Front 95

Mg

Back 95

Magnesium

Front 96

Al

Back 96

Aluminum

Front 97

Si

Back 97

Silicon

Front 98

P

Back 98

Phosphorus

Front 99

S

Back 99

Sulfur

Front 100

Cl

Back 100

Chlorine

Front 101

Ar

Back 101

Argon

Front 102

K

Back 102

Potassium

Front 103

Ti

Back 103

Titanium

Front 104

Mn

Back 104

Manganese

Front 105

Fe

Back 105

Iron

Front 106

Ni

Back 106

Nickel

Front 107

Zn

Back 107

Zinc

Front 108

Mo

Back 108

Molybdenum

Front 109

Rh

Back 109

Rhodium

Front 110

Pd

Back 110

Palladium

Front 111

Tc

Back 111

Technetium

Front 112

Ag

Back 112

Silver

Front 113

Cd

Back 113

Cadmium

Front 114

Indium

Back 114

Indium

Front 115

Sn

Back 115

Tin

Front 116

I

Back 116

Iodine

Front 117

Xe

Back 117

Xenon

Front 118

Cs

Back 118

Cesium

Front 119

Ba

Back 119

Barium

Front 120

W

Back 120

Tungsten

Front 121

Ir

Back 121

Iridium

Front 122

Pt

Back 122

Platinum

Front 123

Au

Back 123

Gold

Front 124

Pb

Back 124

Lead

Front 125

Po

Back 125

Polonium

Front 126

Rn

Back 126

Radon

Front 127

Ra

Back 127

Radium

Front 128

Gd

Back 128

Gadolinium

Front 129

U

Back 129

Uranium

Front 130

Pu

Back 130

Plutonium