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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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correlation |
when 2 observables increase or decrease together |
observables do what? |
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causation |
when one thing causes another thing to happen |
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science |
a way of analyzing info with a goal of testing claims |
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subjective |
directly influenced by opinion/emotion |
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objective |
uninfluenced by opinion or emotion |
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scientific claims |
must be testable, must be able to be wrong |
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hypothesis |
educated gues that must be testable by an experiment |
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scientific method |
1. observation/question 2. prediction 3. experiment 4. record 5. conclusion 6. scientific theory 7. scientific law |
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qualitative |
measuring the quality of something words ex. full, empty, tall, short subjective |
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quantitative |
describing the quantity of something numbers ex. 10m, 5mL, 3Kg. objective |
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motion |
how an object moves when an object changes position with respect to a refrence point |
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refrence point |
an object at rest that is used to judge the motion of another object ex. tree, boulder |
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distance |
how far an object travels during it's motion |
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displacement |
how far an object is from it's original position displacement = location (initial) - location (final) displacement= velocity x time |
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speed |
the rate at which an object moves m/s=unit s=d/t=formula |
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instantaneous speed |
an objects speed at one instant |
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velocity |
rate of change in an object's position speed with direction m/s direction=unit v=displacement/time |
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resultant velocity |
combination of velocities |
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instantaneous velocity |
object's velocity at 1 instant |
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scalar |
a physical quantity without direction ex. distance, speed, mass |
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vector |
quantity with direction ex. displacement, velocity, acceleration, weight, force |
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acceleration |
rate of change in an object's velocity it is a vector acceleration= (vf-vi)/time |
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gravitational acceleration |
9.8m/s2 |
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newtons 1st law |
an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion at a constant speed unless acted upon by an unbalanced force |
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newtons 2nd law |
acceleration of an object depends of the mass of the object and the force applied to the object F=m*a |
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directly proportional |
2 quantities that increase or decrease together |
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inversely proportional |
1 quantity increases while the other quantity decreases |
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weight |
force of gravity pulling you down w=mg newtons (N)=unit |
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net force |
combination of all forces |
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magnitude |
speed |
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normal force |
pushing force felt by an object in contact with the surface of another stable object |
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tension force |
pulling force excerted by a cable, string, chain, etc. on another object |
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friction |
force that opposes motion between 2 surfaces that are touching |
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static friction |
friction between 2 surfaces not moving relative to each other |
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kinetic friction |
friction between 2 surfaces moving relative to each other |
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newton's 3rd law |
for every action there is an equal and opposite direction all forces come in pairs |
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momentum |
mass in motion mass*velocity, p=mv |
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impulse |
change in momentum |
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law of conservation of momentum |
in the abscence of an external force the momentum of a system remains unchanged |
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elastic collision |
collision without a change in form or heat generation |
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inelastic collision |
collision with change in form and/or heat generation |
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work |
when a force causes an object to move in direction of force unit = joules w=f*d |
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power |
how fast work is done P=w/t units=watts |
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gravitational potential energy (GPE) |
energy stored by an object due to its height GPE= w*h=mgh unit = Joule (J) |
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potential energy |
energy stored by an object due to its shape or position |
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elastic potential energy |
energy stored as a result of stretching/compressing |
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chemical potential energy |
energy stored due to the positions of electrons within the atom/molecules |
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kinetic energy (KE) |
energy of motion KE=mvv/2 |
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mechanical energy |
total energy of system's motion and position ME=KE + GPE = mvv/2 +WH |
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