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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Formula for velocity
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v= ΔX/t
Velocity=displacement/time |
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Formula for acceleration
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a=Δv/t
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Difference between speed and velocity
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Speed=x/time
Velocity=ΔX/t |
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SOH CAH TOA
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sin= opposite/hypoteneuse
Cos=adjacent/hypothesis Tan=opposite/adjacent |
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Cos, Sin for 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°
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4 main equations for uniform linear motion (kinematics)
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For an object in free fall what is the relationship between the time (s) and the velocity (m/s)?
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As time doubles (X2) the Δh changes by a factor of 4 (X4)
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Trick: Give the Δh for time points 1s-8s for an object in free fall.
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Formula for Force
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F=ma
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Formula for Weight
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W=mg
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Newton's law of Universal Gravitation
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where G=6.67 X10^-11
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Relationship between Range/Height as the angles (30°, 45°, and 60°) change
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1 radians is approximately how many degrees?
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1rad=60°
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Formula for Centripetal acceleration
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ac=V2/r
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Peak height of a projectile
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Vosinϴ=√2gh
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Normal Force on inclined plane
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FN=mgcosϴ
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Net force due to gravity on inclined plane
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mg=mgsinϴ
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Force of Static Friction
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Fs ≤ µs*Fn
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Force of Kinetic Friction
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Fk ≤ µk*Fn
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Hooke's Law
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F = -k*Δx
Where k relates to shape |
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5 steps for physics problems!
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1. Confidence
2. Diagram 3. System 4. Formula 5. Plug and chug |
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Normal Force formula for curved surface
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Fn = mgcosϴ + mv^2/r (centripetal force)
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What happens to the force if you double the distance,
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Decrease the force by 4 times
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The sharper the turn the _______
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smaller the radius of curvature
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Frictionless inclined plane:
Only forces are ____ and the ____ forces. |
gravity
normal |
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Torque Formulas
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T = Frsinϴ
T = Fl l=leverarm [Position vector is from point of rotation to point where force acts at 90 degress] |
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Kinetic Energy Formula
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K = (1/2)mv^2
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Mechanical Advantage on a Pulley System
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mechanical advantage= mobject/#ofstrings
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Define mechanical advantage
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W object/ applied force
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Mechanical advantage of Inclined plane
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1/sinϴ
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Formula for Work
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W=mgcosϴ
W=KEf-KEi |
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If work is done on an object the object ________energy.
If work is done by an object the object _____________ energy. |
gains, looses
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Potential Energy
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PE=mgh
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Potential energy in a spring
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Uspring=1/2kΔx2
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Formula for Power
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P=W(joules)/t(sec)
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What are the two special right triangles?
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3-4-5. and 5-12-13.
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Air resistance affected by which factors
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-Shape: smooth=less air resistance
-Velocity: increased velocity=increased air resistance -Mass: None |
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What is one thing that affect flight time of an object ignoring air resistance?
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Y direction velocity
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How do you solve for the following: Mass pulling on a rope and the rope and gravity pulls the mass downward and tension pulls upward, pretend it is in equilibrium
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Set upward forces to downward forces which gives us tension = mg
We then add MA to the weaker side, so we add it to the tension side: Tension + MA = mg |
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Formula for momentum
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P = mv
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Mechanical Advantage in rotational equlibirium
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distancefulcrum/distanceweightfromother
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Conditions of rotational eqlbm
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F=0
T=0 Fup=Fdown Fleft=Fright Fclockwise=Fcounterclockwise |
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Conservation of momentum
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m1v1i+m2v2i=m1v1f+m2v2f
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Formula for impulse
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J=Δmv= mvf-mvi= FΔt
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If an object comes to rest quick, Force_____ and impulse ______________
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increases, decreases
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If an object comes to rest slowly, force_____ and impulse________
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decreases, Increases
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Elastic collisions
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mechanical energy is conserved
sum of mechanical energies before collision equals sum of mechanical energies after collision Uinitial + Kinitial = Ufinal + Kfinal |
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Inelastic collisions
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colliding objects lose some mechanical energy to internal energy
must use conservation of momentum to solve inelastic collision problems Pinitial = Pfinal completely inelastic collision is when the colliding objects stick together upon collision M1V1 + M2V2 = (M1+M2)V3 |
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An ____ is a helium nucleus - two protons and 2 neutrons
If you have a substance undergoing ____ you subtract 4 from its mass number and 2 from its atomic number. |
alpha particle
alpha particle |
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In ____ an electron is emitted and a neutron becomes a proton.
This means that the atomic number increases and mass number stays the same. |
Beta decay (top)
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In ____ emission a ____ is created and emitted from a nucleus.
____ emission, proton becomes a neutron. The mass number stays the same and the atomic number drops by 1. |
Positron
Positron |
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Speed of light
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c=3.8X10^8 m/s
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____ - an electron crashes into a proton to form a neutron.
The mass number stays the same and atomic number drops by 1. |
Beta aka electron capture (bottom)
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Radioactive Decay
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5 types:
1. alpha decay 2. beta decay 3. positron emission (beta decay) 4. gamma ray production 5. electron capture (beta decay) |
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What are the temperatures in Kelvin and Celsius for the following?
1. Absolute zero 2. Freezing point of water 3. Boiling point of water |
1. -273 C. 0 K.
2. 0 C. 273 K. 3. 100 C. 373 K. |
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Formula for time to reach apex
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Apextime=Viy/g
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Kepler's Laws of Orbital Motion
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1. All orbitals are eliptical
2. When closer to the object (r decreases) it is orbiting- v,a,F,p,KE increases 3. Tsquared is proportional to R cubed. As orbital radius increases so does the period. |
