Physics 1250

Front 1

Conversion factors between SI and US units of length:

Back 1

Front 2

EQUATION:

Displacement

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Front 3

DEFINITION:

Displacement

Back 3

The displacement of a particle is defined as
its change in position in some time interval.

Front 4

DEFINITION:

Distance

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Distance is the length of a path followed by a particle.

Front 5

DEFINITION:

Vector Quantity

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A vector quantity requires the specification of both direction and magnitude.

Front 6

DEFINITION:

Scalar Quantity

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A scalar quantity has a numerical value and no direction.

Front 7

EQUATION:

Average Velocity

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Front 8

DEFINITION:

Average Velocity

Back 8

The average velocity of a particle is defined as the particle's displacement divided by the time interval during which that displacement occurs.

Front 9

DEFINITION:

Average Speed

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The average speed of a particle, a scalar quantity, is defined as the total distance d traveled divided by the total time interval required to travel that distance.

Front 10

EQUATION:

Average Speed

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Front 11

DEFINITION:

Instantaneous Velocity

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Instantaneous velocity equals the limiting value of the ratio: Displacement / Total Time

Front 12

EQUATION:

Instantaneous Velocity

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Front 13

DEFINITION:

Instantaneous Speed

Back 13

The instantaneous speed of a particle is defined as the magnitude of its instantaneous velocity.

Front 14

DEFINITION:

Analysis Model

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An ana lysis model is a description of either (1) the behavior of some physical entity or (2) the interaction between that entity and the environment.

Front 15

EQUATION:

Position as a function of time, for the particle under constant velocity model.

Back 15

Front 16

EQUATION:

Particle under constant speed model.

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Front 17

DEFINITION:

Average Acceleration

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The average acceleration of a particle is defined as the change in velocity, divided by the time interval during which that change occurs.

Front 18

EQUATION:

Average Acceleration

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Front 19

DEFINITION:

Instantaneous Acceleration

Back 19

Instantaneous acceleration is defined as the limit of the average acceleration as Total Time approaches 0.

Front 20

EQUATION:

Instantaneous Acceleration

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Front 21

EQUATION:

Force and Acceleration

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Front 22

DEFINITION:

Force and Acceleration

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The force on an object is proportional to the acceleration of the object.

Front 23

DEFINITION:

Acceleration with respect to time

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In one-dimensional motion, the acceleration equals the second derivative of x with respect to time.

Front 24

EQUATION:

Acceleration with respect to time

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Front 25

EQUATION:

Acceleration, particle under constant acceleration model

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Front 26

EQUATION:

Velocity, particle under constant acceleration model

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Front 27

EQUATION:

Average Velocity, at constant acceleration

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Front 28

EQUATION:

Position as a function of velocity and time, for the particle under constant acceleration model

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Front 29

EQUATION:

Position as a function of time, for the particle under constant acceleration model

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Front 30

EQUATION:

Velocity as a function of position, for the particle under constant acceleration model

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Front 31

Kinematic Equations for Motion of a Particle Under Constant Acceleration:

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Front 32

DEFINITION:

Commutative Law of Addition, as it relates to vector quantities

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When two vectors are added, the sum is independent of the order of the addition.

Front 33

EQUATION:

Commutative Law of Addition, as it relates to vector quantities

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Front 34

DEFINITION:

Associative Law of Addition, as it relates to vector quantities

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When three or more vectors are added, their sum is independent of the way in which the individual vectors are grouped together.

Front 35

EQUATION:

Associative Law of Addition, as it relates to vector quantities

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Front 36

DEFINITION:

Negative of a Vector

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Front 37

EQUATION:

Subtracting Vectors

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Front 38

DEFINITION:

Unit Vector

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A unit vector is a dimensionless vector having a magnitude of exactly 1. Unit vectors are used to specify a given direction and have no other physical significance.

Front 39

EQUATION:

Unit Vector Notation

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Front 40

EQUATION:

Resultant Vector

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Front 41

EQUATION:

Components of the Resultant Vector

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Front 42

EQUATION:

Components of a 3-dimensional Vector

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Front 43

EQUATION:

Sum of two 3-dimensional Vectors

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Front 44

EQUATION:

Magnitude of a 3-dimensional Vector

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Front 45

EQUATION:

Magnitude of a 2-dimensional Vector

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Front 46

EQUATION:

Displacement vector

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Front 47

EQUATION:

Average velocity

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Front 48

EQUATION:

Instantaneous velocity

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Front 49

DEFINITION:

Displacement vector

Back 49

The difference between its final position vector and its initial position vector.

Front 50

DEFINITION:

Average velocity

Back 50

The displacement of the particle divided by the time interval.

Front 51

DEFINITION:

Instantaneous velocity

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The limit of the average velocity as the time approaches zero.

Front 52

DEFINITION:

Average acceleration

Back 52

The change in its instantaneous velocity vector divided by the time interval during which that change occurs.

Front 53

DEFINITION:

Instantaneous acceleration

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The limiting value of the ratio of change in velocity over change in time, as change in time approaches zero.

Front 54

EQUATION:

Average acceleration

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Front 55

EQUATION:

Instantaneous acceleration

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Front 56

EQUATION:

The position vector for a particle moving in the xy plane.

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Front 57

EQUATION:

Velocity vector as a function of time

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Front 58

EQUATION:

Position vector as a function of time

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Front 59

EQUATION:

The position vector of a projectile as a function of time.

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Front 60

EQUATION:

The initial x and y components of the velocity of a projectile.

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Front 61

EQUATION:

Centripetal acceleration

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Front 62

DEFINITION:

Centripetal acceleration

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(center-seeking) The magnitude of inward acceleration as time approaches zero.

Front 63

EQUATION:

Period of circular motion

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Front 64

DEFINITION:

Period of circular motion

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The time interval required for one complete revolution of the particle.

Front 65

EQUATION:

Total acceleration

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Front 66

EQUATION:

Tangential acceleration

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Front 67

EQUATION:

Radial acceleration

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Front 68

DEFINITION:

Total acceleration

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The vector sum of the radial and tangential component vectors.

Front 69

DEFINITION:

Tangential acceleration

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Causes change in the speed of the particle, parallel to the instantaneous velocity, and is equal to the absolute value of the change in speed over the change in time.

Front 70

DEFINITION:

Radial acceleration

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Arises from a change in direction of the velocity vector. Additive inverse of the centripetal acceleration.

Front 71

DEFINITION:

Contact forces

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Forces which involve physical contact between two objects.

Front 72

DEFINITION:

Field forces

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Forces which do not involve physical contact between two objects, but act through empty space.

Front 73

DEFINITION:

Newton's first law of motion

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(Law of inertia)

In the absence of external forces and when viewed from an inertial reference frame, an object at rest remains at rest and an object in motion continues in motion with the constant velocity (that is, with a constant speed in a straight line).

(When no force acts on an object, the acceleration of the object is zero.)

Front 74

DEFINITION:

Inertia

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The tendency of an object to resist any attempt to change its velocity.

Front 75

DEFINITION:

Force

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That which causes a change in motion of an object.

Front 76

DEFINITION:

Mass

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The property of an object that specifies how much resistance an object exhibits to changes in its velocity.

Front 77

DEFINITION:

The ratio of two masses

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The inverse ratio of the magnitudes of the accelerations produced by the force.

Front 78

EQUATION:

The ratio of two masses

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Front 79

DEFINITION:

Newton's second law

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When viewed from an intertial reference frame, the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass.

Front 80

EQUATION:

Newton's second law

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Front 81

EQUATION:

Newton's second law (component form)

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Front 82

DEFINITION:

Gravitational force

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The attractive force exerted by the Earth on an object.

Front 83

DEFINITION:

Weight

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The magnitude of the gravitational force on an object.

Front 84

EQUATION:

Gravitational force

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Front 85

EQUATION:

Weight

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Front 86

DEFINITION:

Gravitational mass

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The strength of the gravitational attraction between the object and the Earth.

Front 87

DEFINITION:

Inertial mass

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The resistance to changes in motion in response to an external force.

Front 88

DEFINITION:

Newton's third law

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If two objects interact, the force exerted by object 1 on object 2 is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force exerted by object 2 on object 1.

Front 89

EQUATION:

Newton's third law

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Front 90

DEFINITION:

Particle in equilibrium model

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Used if the acceleration of an object modeled as a particle is zero. The net force on the object is also zero.

Front 91

EQUATION:

Particle in equilibrium model

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Front 92

DEFINITION:

Particle under a net force model

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Used if an object experiences an acceleration.

Front 93

EQUATION:

Particle under a net force model

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Front 94

DEFINITION:

Force of friction

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The resistance to an object's motion either on a surface or in a viscous medium such as air or water, because the object interacts with its surroundings.

Front 95

DEFINITION:

Force of static friction

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The friction force for an object that counteracts an applied force and keeps the object from moving.

Front 96

DEFINITION:

Force of kinetic friction

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The friction force for an object in motion.

Front 97

EQUATION:

Force of static friction

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Front 98

EQUATION:

Maximum force of static friction

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Front 99

EQUATION:

Force of kinetic friction

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Front 100

EQUATION:

Force causing centripetal acceleration

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Front 101

DEFINITION:

Fictitious force

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An apparent force which appears to act on an object in the same was as a real force, but which has no second object.

Front 102

DEFINITION:

Work done by a constant force

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Front 103

EQUATION:

Work done by a constant force

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Front 104

EQUATION:

Work done by a constant force in the same direction as the displacement

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Front 105

EQUATION:

Scalar product of any two vectors A and B

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Front 106

EQUATION:

Work done by a constant force, vector product.

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Front 107

EQUATION:

Work done on a particle by a force

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Front 108

EQUATION:

Total work done for a displacement

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Front 109

EQUATION:

Work done by a component force on a particle as it moves a displacement

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Front 110

EQUATION:

Total work (particle)

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Front 111

EQUATION:

Total work (deformable system)

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Front 112

EQUATION:

Spring force

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Front 113

EQUATION:

Spring force (vector form)

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Front 114

EQUATION:

Work done by a spring

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Front 115

EQUATION:

Applied force

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Front 116

DEFINITION:

Applied force

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Force which is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the spring force, at any value of the position.

Front 117

EQUATION:

Work done on a system by the eternal agent for a displacement

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Front 118

EQUATION:

Net work done on an object by an external force

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Front 119

EQUATION:

Kinetic energy

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Front 120

THEOREM:

Work-kinetic energy theorem

Back 120

When work is done on a system and the only change in the system is in its speed, the net work done on the system equals the change in kinetic energy of the system.