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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How are shape and volume used to classify solids, liquids, and gases?
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Materials can be classified as solids, liquids, or gases based on whether their shapes and volumes are definite or variable.
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What does the kinetic theory say about the motion of atoms?
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The kinetic theory of matter states that all particles of matter are in constant motion.
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How is a gas able to fill a container of any size or shape?
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The constant motion of particles in a gas allows a gas to fill a container of any shape or size.
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Use kinetic theory and attractive forces to explain why a liquid has a definite volume and a shape that can vary.
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A liquid takes the shape of its container because particles in a liquid can flow to new locations. the volume of a liquid is constant because forces of attraction keep the particles close together.
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Explain why a solid has a definite shape and volume.
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Solids have a definite volume and shape because particles in a solid vibrate around fixed locations.
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How is the gas pressure produced in a closed container of gas?
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Collisions between particles of a gas and the walls of the container cause the pressure in a closed container of gas.
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What three factors affect gas pressure?
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Factors that affect the pressure of an enclosed gas are its temperature, its volume, and the number of its particles.
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How does increasing the temperature affect the pressure of a contained gas?
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Raising the temperature of a gas will increase its pressure if the volume of the gas and the number of particles are constant.
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What happens to the pressure of a gas if its volume is reduced?
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Reducing the volume of a gas increases its pressure if the temperature of the gas and the number of particles are constant.
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How does increasing the number of particles of a contained gas affect its pressure?
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Increasing the number of particles will increase the pressure of a gas if the temperature and the volume are constant.
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Name six common phase changes.
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Melting, freezing, vaporization, condensation, sublimation, and deposition are six common phase changes.
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What happens to the temperature of a substance during a phase change?
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The temperature of a substance does not change during a phase change.
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How does the energy of a system change during a phase change?
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Energy is either absorbed or released during a phase change.
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What happens to the arrangement of water molecules as water melts and freezes?
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The arrangement of molecules in water becomes less orderly as water melts, and more orderly as water freezes.
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What is the difference between evaporation and boiling?
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Evaporation takes place at the surface of a liquid and occurs at temperature below the boiling point.
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