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21 Cards in this Set

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  • Back
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An electrical property of matter that creates a force between objects.
What is an Electric Charge? (430)
Like _______ repel while opposite _____ attract. They can be Positive or Negative. Ex. a balloon (-) clinging to your hair (+) shows attraction
A material that transfers charge easily.
What is a Conductor? (432)
Ex. copper, gold, aluminum,& most metals
A material that does not transfer charge easily.
What is an Insulator? (432)
Ex. plastics, pvc, rubber, glass, cardboard, silk, etc.
The force of attraction or repulsion between objects due to charge.
What is an Electric Force? (434)
This depends on charge and distance and acts through a field.
The region around a charged object in which other charged objects experience an electric force.
What is an Electric Field? (435)
This can be shown by drawing lines that point in the direction of the electric force on a positive charge (outward).
A negative charge is drawn with lines pointing inward.
The potential energy of a charged object due to its position in an electric field.
What is Electrical Potential Energy? (437)
This decreases between two negative charges as the distance between them increases. Also true for both attractive and repulsive forces.
The change in the electrical potential energy per unit charge.
What is the Potential Difference? (438)
The change in the EPE of a charged particle divided by its charge. SI unit for measurement is the volt. v = 1 joule per coulomb (voltage)
A device that is a source of electric current because of a potential difference, or voltage, between the terminals.
What is a Cell? (438)
Voltage across the + & - terminals of a battery range from 1.5v (dry cell) to about 12V (wet cell)for a car battery.
Electrochemical ______ contain an electrolyte, a solution that conducts electricity, and two electrodes, each with different conducting material.
The rate that electric charges move through a conductor.
What is a Current? (439)
SI unit for _________ is the ampere.
1 amp equals 1 C of charge moving past a point in 1 second.
The ratio of the voltage across a conductor to the current it carries.
What is Resistance? (441)
Caused by internal friction, which slows the movement of charges through a conducting material.
R = V/I
Resistance = Voltage divided by Current
SI unit of resistance = the ohm (same as volts per ampere)
Ex. The resistance of the filament of a light bulb determines how bright the bulb is.
A special type conductor used to control current.
What is a Resistor? (442)
Ex. The current in a 10 ohm resistor is half the current in a 5 ohm resistor.
R = V/I & IR = VI/ I & V = IR
What is the equation for Resistance, Current, and Voltage.
Metals or compounds that have zero resistance when their temperature falls below a certain temperature. Used in electrical devices like filters, powerful magnets, and Maglev high-speed express trains.
What are Superconductors? (444)
Ex. metals including niobium, tin, mercury, and the metallic compounds containing barium, copper, & oxygen.
A class of materials with electrical properties between those of insulators and conductors.
What are Semiconductors? (445)
Ex. Silicon and germanium are used for this in computer boards
An electrical device connected so that it provides one or more complete paths for the movement of charges.
What is an Electric Circuit?
Ex. bulb, battery & wires make a _____.
A graphic representation of an electric circuit or apparatus, with standard symbols for the electrical devices.
What is a Schematic Diagram? (447)
All electrical devices have these diagrams for their production and maintenance.
A circuit or portion of a circuit that provides a single conducting path.
What is Series?
Ex. All bulbs/devices fail if this type circuit has an opened switch, cut wire, blown bulb or other type interruption.
Describes components in a circuit that are connected across common points, providing two or more separate conducting paths.
What is Parallel? (449)
A break in any one path in this type circuit does not interrupt the flow of electric charge in the other paths.
The energy associated with electrical charges, whether moving or at rest.
What is Electrical Energy? (450)
Creates electrical power (rate at which electrical work is done). This is the product of total current(I)in and voltage (V)across a circuit.
P = IV or I = P/V or V = I/P
Power = current x voltage
Current = power divided by voltage
Voltage = current divided by power
P = I exp.2R = Vexp.2/ R for Power lost or dissipated. SI unit for power is the watt named for Scottish inventor James Watt.