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103 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
An __________________ happens when you use your senses to notice your environment to help you to gain information.
observation
A __________________ is the predicted answer to a question. It is based on observations and prior knowledge.
hypothesis
A __________________ is the factor that changes in the investigation.
variable
A __________________ tells the results of your experiment.
conclusion
The __________________ in the experiment are the elements that stay the same.
controls
In the metric system, __________________ is used for length
meter
In the metric system, liquids are measured with __________________.
liters
Temperature is measured on the __________________ scale.
Celsius
Mass is measured in __________________.
grams
Force is measured in __________________.
Newton
Objects that take up space and have mass.
matter
The amount of matter in an object.
mass
The measurement of the force of gravity on an object, usually measured on a scale.
weight
How tightly matter is packed together.
density
How well an object will float.
buoyancy
If something will dissolve in water or another liquid.
solubility
The state of matter that has a definite size and shape.
solid
The amount of space something takes up.
volume
The state of matter that does not have a definite shape but does have a definite volume.
liquid
The freezing and melting point of water (the temperature that water freezes and begins to melt).
0 degrees Celsius
When heat energy is taken away, w hat a liquid will become.
solid
The state of matter takes on both the shape and the volume of its container.
gas
The boiling point of water in degrees Celsius.
100 degrees Celsius
When water changes into vapor in the air and seems to disappear.
evaporation
The _________________ the air, the quicker evaporation takes place.
hotter
The change from a gaseous state to a liquid state.
condensation
When two or more substances are mixed together but can be physically separated.
mixture
At what temperature does water boil?
100 degrees Celsius
What is the only thing that will evaporate, everything that is mixed with it will be left behind?
water
The higher the heat, the _____ water will evaporate.
faster
When a substance is stirred into a liquid and the substance seems to disappear.
dissolve
A mixture in which one substance dissolves in another.
solution
When a substance can dissolve in water, and is no longer visible, the substance is _______.
soluble
The ability of a substance to dissolve into another substance.
solubility
A solution is ________ when no more of a substance, like salt or sugar, can be dissolved in the water at the current temperature.
saturated
If matter can flow, it is a _______.
fluid
The force by which objects are attracted to other objects or repelled by other objects.
magnetism
The ends of a magnet are called ____.
poles
When magnets push away from each other.
repel
When magnets pull towards on another.
attract
The area all around the magnet is called its _____________.
magnetic field
The strongest, most magnetic place on a magnet is next to the _______.
poles
Magnets are mostly attracted to ____ and _____.
iron and steel
Objects that will attract to a magnet are called _____.
magnetic
Objects that will NOT attract to a magnet are called _____.
nonmagnetic
The materials that allow electricity to flow through them easily.
conductors
What wires are made of because they are good conductors.
metal
The most often used metal in wires.
copper
A uniform motion of electrons.
electric current
This never-ending looped pathway for electrons is a __________________.
circuit
Things that do not allow electricity to pass through them very well.
insulator
When the path from the battery to the light bulb for the electrons to flow is not broken.
Complete circuit
When, for some reason, the electrons cannot flow in a continuous path through a circuit.
incomplete circuit
One large, continuous circuit.
series circuit
Separate circuits are a __________________.
parallel circuit
An object that light can NOT go through.
opaque
When light bounces off of an object.
reflect
An object that all light can be transmitted through it.
transparent
When light bends as it moves from one medium to another.
refraction
The mnemonic to help remember the order of the colors in the color spectrum.
Roy G Biv
When light enters an object but does not pass through.
absorption
An object that only some light can go through.
translucent
A __________________object reflects all light off of it.
white
A __________________ object absorbs all light into it.

black



The ability to do work or cause change

Energy
The energy stored in a substance or material.

Chemical Energy
Stored energy. The energy an object has because of its position or shape.

Potential energy
The energy of motion

Kinetic Energy
Energy that is able to do work
Mechanical energy
Energy that is felt as heat.

Thermal energy
The movement of heat between objects that touch each other.

Conduction
Materials that allow heat energy to move through them easily.
Conductor
Materials that do not allow heat to move through them easily.

Insulator
The movement of thermal energy through liquids and gases.
Convection
A push or pull on an object that causes an object to move, stop, or change direction.

Force
A change in position or location.

Movement
Where an object is located.

position
How fast something travels.

Speed
The force of attraction between objects that have mass.

Gravity
The amount of matter in an object.

mass
Happens when two things rub against each other.

Friction
Pieces of rocks and minerals.

Sediment
A colorless and odorless gas that is used to cook food and heat homes.

Natural gas
Another word that is often used when referring to oil or oil products.

Petroleum
Natural Resources that can be used for energy and then replaced in a short period of time.

Renewable energy
A renewable energy that is never used up, like wind, sunlight and water power.
Inexhaustible energy
Another name for inexhaustible energy.

Alternative energy
Energy from the sun.

Solar energy

Energy that comes from the movement of air.


Wind Energy

Energy created by moving water.

Hydro Energy
Heat energy from inside the earth.

Thermal Energy

A method of heat transfer that does not rely upon any contact between the heat source and the heated object.

Radiation

A current of electricity that is flowing in an electrical circuit.

Electrical energy

The energy carried by light in the form of electromagnetic waves.

light energy

Energy produced by vibrations

Sound Energy

Things that are found in nature that people use to live and make their lives better.
Natural Resources

To protect resources and avoid their wasteful and destructive use.

Conserve
The collection, processing, remanufacture and reuse of materials that would normally be thrown away.

Recycle
People who protect and preserve Earth's natural resources.
Conservationist
Energy resources like oil, coal, and natural gas that are being used up and cannot be recreated in a short period of time.

Non Renewable
Nonrenewable natural resources that are used for energy (oil, coal and natural gas)

Fossil Fuel
formed millions of years ago when the earth was covered with huge swampy forests where plants - giant ferns, reeds and mosses - grew. As the plants grew, some died and fell into the swamp waters. New plants grew up to take their places and when these died still more grew. In time, there was thick layer of dead plants rotting in the swamp. The surface of the earth changed and water and dirt washed in, stopping to decaying process. More plants grew up, but they too died and fell, forming separate layers. After millions of years many layers had formed, one on top of the other. The weight of the top layers and the water and dirt packed down the lower layers of plant matter. Heat and pressure produced chemical and physical changes in the plant layers which forced out oxygen and left rich carbon deposits. In time, material that had been plants became _________.

Coal
Formed from the remains of plants and sea creatures. they are the result of the action of heat and pressure on plant and animal remains over millions of years, in the absence of air.
Oil and Natural gas