Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What comprises the external female genitalia?
|
-Mon pubis
-Labia majora -Labia minora -Vestibule -Introitus -perineum |
|
What is the introitus?
|
The vaginal opening
|
|
Where is the perineum?
|
Between the opening of the vagina and the anus
|
|
What is mons pubis known as?
|
The fat pad
|
|
What makes up the internal female genitalia?
|
-Vagina
-rugae -uterus -cervix |
|
What the boundaries of the cervix>
|
The body of the uterus to the small protrusion of the vagina
|
|
What is the os?
|
The opening of the cervix that leads to the uterus.
-Where a pap smear will be conducted |
|
When can you feel the ovaries?
|
Only during fertile time. Not past menopause
|
|
What is adnexa?
|
The sling of tissue holding the tubes to the uterus
|
|
What are the 2 types of epithelium in the cervix?
|
-Squamous: shiny pink, continuous with the vagina
-Columnar: deep red, resembles interior of the uterus |
|
Where do most cervical cancers occur?
|
At the Transformation zone (small area just surrounding the os)
|
|
What defines menopause?
|
No menses for 12 months
|
|
What is the average age for menopause?
|
45-52
|
|
What is the common range of menarche in the US?
|
9-16
|
|
When would it be normal to see a prolapse of the urethra?
|
Before menses and after menopause
-would appear dark pink/red |
|
What is Cystosil?
|
Prolapse of the bladder
|
|
What is rectusil?
|
rectum protruding into the vagina
|
|
Are hernias thought to be a male or female problem?
|
Primarily male, but can also be in females
|
|
Where do hernias occur?
|
in the groin
|
|
What position must men and women be in to conduct a hernia exam?
|
Standing
|
|
How do you palpate for female hernias?
|
-Palpate the labia majora just upward and lateral to the pubic tubercles
|
|
What is urethritis?
|
Inflammation of the paraurethral glands
|
|
How do you examine for urethritis?
|
-insert index finer into the vagina and mile the urethra gently from inside outward
-culture any discharge that has been "milked out" |
|
What columns of vascular erectile tissue form the shaft of the penis?
|
- 1 corpus spongiosum (contains urethra)
- 2 corpora cavernosa |
|
What tissue forms the bulb of the penis?
|
Corpus spongiosum
|
|
Describe the glans of the penis
|
The cone-shaped end of the bulb of the penis
|
|
What is the corona of the penis?
|
The expanded base of the glans
|
|
What is covered in uncircumcised men?
What is the covering called? |
-The glans is covered
-Covered by the prepuce (foreskin) |
|
What are the secretions of the glans called?
|
smegma
|
|
Describe the scrotum.
|
Loose, wrinkled pouch diving into two compartments, each containing a testis
|
|
What are the testes?
Where are the testes contained? |
-ovoid, rubbery structures ~4.5cm long.
In the scrotum |
|
What is the epididymis and where is it?
|
-soft, comma-shaped structure (carries sperm)
-On the posterolateral surface of testes |
|
What are the landmarks of the groin?
|
-anterior superior iliac spine
-pubic tubercle -inguinal ligament |
|
What are we feeling during a hernia examination?
|
The external inguinal ring
|
|
What should you inspect the scrotum for?
|
Tortuous veins
|
|
When is testicular cancer most common?
|
Ages of 18-35
-occurs often in bike riders |
|
How do you evaluate a possible scrotal hernia?
|
-If large scrotal mass is found, ask the pt to lie down. If the mass disappears it is a hernia
-If the mass remains: -listen to the mass with a stethoscope. If BOWEL sounds are heard it is a hernia |
|
What is a hernia?
|
Protrusion of the abdominal cavity that should be reducable (should go away when you stop bearing down)
|
|
What is an incarcerated hernia?
|
One that does not go away when not bearing down. (not reducable)
-No blood supply -can become gangrene |
|
What is the most common type of hernia
|
Indirect hernia
|
|
What are indirect hernias?
|
-Come down through the scrotum sac
-Have pain with straining -Will feel at external ring '-Can be congenital or aqcuired -Most common in infants and 16-20 yrs old |
|
What is the most common hernia in teenagers?
|
Indirect hernia
|
|
What is the direct hernia?
|
Intestine comes from behind inguinal canal
-Rarely go into the scrotum -NOT PAINFUL -Less common but seen in OVER 40 yrs old -obesity -ascitis |
|
What is the most common hernias in women?
|
The femoral hernia and indirect
|
|
What is the most painful hernia?
|
Femoral
|
|
Describe Femoral hernias
|
-More common the right side of the body
-Come from the femoral canal -Painful -often extrenuated and incarcerated - |
|
What are the most common hernias in men?
|
-Direct
-Indirect |
|
What are hemorrhoids?
|
When columns in the anus become varicosed.
|
|
Describe the prostate gland
|
-Bilobed, heart shaped gland
-surrounds the bladder and extra ducts -Lies in front of the anterior wall of the rectum, 2cm behind symphysis pubis |
|
Describe a Rectal Polyp.
What does rectal ulcer feel like? |
-Polyp: very movable (but still needs biopsed)
-Cancer will usually have ulcerated area with raised edges and the be FIRM! |
|
What is anal winking?
|
When you touch the anus and it contracts
|
|
How would you have your pt positioned for a prostate exam?
|
Bent over with toes pointing toward eachother.
|