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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the major characteristics of chordata
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at one point in life they have:
dorsal nerve cord, notochord, gill slits and a post anal tail |
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What is a notochord?
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A stiff, flexible rod between the digestive tract and the nerve cord
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What are some examples of invertebrate chordates?
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lancelets and sea squirts (tunicats)
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What are the vertebrate groups?
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1. agnatha (jaw less fish)
2. chrondichthyes (cartilage fish) 3. osteoteichthyes (bony fish) 4. amphibia 5. reptiles 6. aves 7. mammalia |
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fish: # of heart chambers?
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2
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amphibian: # of heart chambers?
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3
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reptiles: # of heart chambers?
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3
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mammals: # of heart chambers?
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4 (crocodiles have this 2) (:))
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what is the only vertebrate group that breathes with gills?
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fish
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What is the only vertebrate group that breathes with the skin?
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amphibians
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What is the only vertebrate that has a single loop, only pulmonary circulatory system?
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fish!
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what is innate behavior?
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behavior programmed by genes
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what is a reflex?
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a simple, automatic response to stimuli
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what is taxis?
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a directed movement towards (+) or away (-) from a stimulis
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what is instint?
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a complex series of behaviors programmed from birth.
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what are some examples of social behavior?
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courtship to attract mates
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Territoriality
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using aggressive behaviors to maintain exclusive feeding and mating grounds
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Biological clock
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behaviors in response to an internal time rhythm
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Circadian Rhythm
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a 24 hour hour behavior cycle
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Seasonal Behaviors
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changes in temperature and light initiate instinctual responses:
1. migration 2.hibernation 3.estivation (opposite of hibernation) |
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what are learned behaviors?
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behaviors acquired through practice and experience. rely on genetic components
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Habituation
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a decline in response to a harmless, repeated stimlui
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imprinting
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usually occurs early in life and involves forming a social attachment. usually irreversible.
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conditioning
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learning through association of 2 unrelated stimuli
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trial and error
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when an animal learns to behave a certain way to receive either a reward or a punishment.
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insight/reasoning
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the most complex way of learning. includes mental trial and error.
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A bee's waggle dance use what types of communication?
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auditory, chemical and visual
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what are chemical odors called?
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pheromones
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