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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is considered our first line of defenses? |
Medical imaging |
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How is Dose expressed? |
One of 4 different ways such as entrance skin exposure, mean marrow dose, genetically significant dose and tissue dose |
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What is mean marrow dose also known as? |
Bone marrow |
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How is bone marrow dose measured? |
Estimated from ESE |
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What is genetically significant dose also known as? |
Gonadal dose |
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Name the first method for estimating ESE? |
Use of a nomogram |
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Which is the easiest way to estimate or measure patient dose out of the four ways? |
ESE |
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What is the ESE on average for a view in mammography? |
8mgya or 800 mR |
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What kind of grid ratios are normally used in mammography? |
4:1 and 5:1 |
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How much of a difference is dose when using grids for mammography? |
Patient dose is increased by Two times with the use of it |
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Any possible response from mammography related to dose is targeted where? |
Glandular tissue |
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How much of glandular dose is of ESE? |
Approx 15% |
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What are the two views for a mammography exam? |
Craniocaudad and mediolateral oblique views |
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How much should glandular dose not exceed with contact mammography and then with a grid? |
With contact mammography 1mGyt/view With grid -3mGyt/view |
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When should you never do a routine x-ray exam? |
When there is no precise medical indication |
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The incidence of spontaneous abortion in the absence of ration exposure is estimated at? |
25% to 50% range |
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What is elective booking? |
Clinician or radiologist or tech determines the time of patients last menstrual cycle |
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What is the 10 day rule? |
Doing abdominal and pelvic xrays on women 10 days following the onset of menstration |
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When is it necessary to repeat a digital radiographic examination? |
Never unless for positioning issue |
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What are the two types of area shielding devices used? |
Contact and shadow shields |
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What is considered a contact shield? |
Len Shields and breast shields |
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What are contact shields? |
Positioned directly on the patient |
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What is a shadow shield? |
Gonadal shield |
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What is particularly useful during surgery for which sterile procedure is required? |
Shadow shields |
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When is irradiation least hazardous during pregnancy? |
The first two weeks |
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What is the 2nd week to the 10th week of pregnancy period known as? |
Major Organogenesis |
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No responses occur at less than how many rads? |
25 rads or 250 miligray in tissue |
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Is abortion after diagnostic x-ray exposure indicated? |
Never |
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What is the 10-25 rule? |
Below 100 miligray in tissue a therapeutic abortion is not indicated and above 250miligray in tissue the risk of latent injury may justify a therapeutic abortion but dose level to the fetus is never attained. |
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What is the ACR? |
Appropriateness criteria are evidence based guidelines to assist referring physicians in making the most appropriate imaging decision for a specific clinical condition. |
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Which exam has the highest for fetal dose? |
Lumbosacral spine (AP) And KUB/abdomen (AP) |
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What imaging modalities are the most according to radiation level? |
CT angiography, TIPS, PET-CT |
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What is the symbol for effective dose? |
E |
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The second and third trimester if highly irritated is more of a risk for ? |
Malignant disease during childhood |
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Early in organogenesis what kind of deformities is most likely? |
Skeletal |
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Congenital abnormalities are most likely in what period? |
Organogenesis |
