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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does deep breathing do? |
-Improve cough effectiveness -reopen closed small airways (allow gas to move through airways, facilitate MCC) |
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How does gravity assisted postural drainage help? |
-Utilise gravity to assist movement of secretions from peripheral airways towards the larger central airways for clearance -Position the bronchus of the lung segment being drained uppermost and perpendicular to the horizontal |
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What is the indication for gravity assisted drainage? |
-Excessive volume of secretions (>30ml/day) -Usually combined with other techniques to maximise effectiveness |
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What are precautions and contraindications to gravity assisted drainage? |
-gastro-oesophageal reflux -Cardiac failure, Severe hypertension -Cerebral oedema -Aortic or cerebral aneurysms -Abdominal distension -Recent head or neck trauma or surgery -Recent eye surgery -Orthopnoea, distress -Severe PVD |
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What are precautions and contraindications to chest percussion/vibration/shaking? |
-Severe osteoporosis -Frank haemoptysis -Ca ribs or vertebral column -Over burns, drains, rib #, grafts, wounds, incisions, bony areas, careful over breasts -Bronchospasm -Severe pleuritic pain -Very low platelets -Stiff/rigid chest wall |
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What is a huff? |
-Forced expiration without closure of the glottis -Size of breath in and amount of expiratory effort affect the position of the EPP and the amount of dynamic compression/closure |
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What are adverse effects for coughing and huffing? |
-Fatigue -Bronchospasm -desaturation -syncope -arrhythmias -hernias -incontinence -increases intracranial pressure -rib and vertebral crush # |
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What are precautions to cough and huff? |
-Lung surgery -Neurosurgery/ raised ICC -Recent eye surgery -Cerebral/aortic aneurysm -Unstable cardiac conditions |
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What is a forced expiration technique? |
-Huff and breathing control (relaxed) |
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What is the active cycle of breathing techniques? |
-Forced expiration technique and deep breathing |
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What is the theory behind PEP? |
-Minimise/prevent excessive airway compression/collapse in patients with floppy airways during expiration -Improve lung volume through recruitment via collateral channel ventilation |
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What are some precautions/contraindications to PEP? |
-Facial surgery may preclude use of mask -Untreated pneumothorax -Known or suspected tympanic membrane rupture or other middle ear pathology -Acute sinusitis -Epistaxis -Eye surgery |
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What in inhalation therapy? |
-Inhaled medications can be used in adjunct to airway clearance eg. dornase alpha, hypertonic saline, antibiotics, bronchodilators |
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What does exercise do? |
-Increased flow rate -ANS |
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What are some outcome measures? |
-Short term (sputum vol., improved colour, rheology, less breathless, decreased wheeze and coarse crackles, ease of expectoration Longer term - pulmonary function tests (reduced deterioration), QoL |
