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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
4 basic laws of light
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travels in straight lines in all directions at once
can be reflected or deflected can be absorbed can be refracted or bent |
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light travels in _____ lines in all directions at once
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straight
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what surface causes spectacular reflections (hot spots) and what type gives diffused reflections?
ex of surface |
specular from polished surface, diffused from matte surface
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ex of a surface that will cause specular reflections and one example of a surface that gives diffused reflections
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specular from polished surface - chrome, glass, marble, lacquered wood, high gloss paint
diffused from matte surface - fabric, concrete, bare wood, flat paint |
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explain - "the angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence"
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when light hits a surface, it will reflect from that surface at the same angle that it hit
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what does it mean that absorption can be selective?
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when some wavelengths are absorbed but not others; red apple absorbs the white light's short and medium wavelengths - blue and green - but reflects most of the long wavelengths - red
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refraction
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the bending of light rays as they pass through one transparent medium to another
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what is the cause of the bend in the light's travel path?
cause of the cause? |
the light slowing down
the density of the transparent medium |
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ambient light
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light that exists in a scene
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is all "mad-made" light "artificial light"?
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no man made lighting that exists in a scene is ambient when it comes to photography
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2 things that influence the quality of light
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intensity, source size
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how to determine whether light source is small or large
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source size is determined in relation to the subject
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will a source that is physically large automatically be large?
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no
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difference between small and large source lighting
ex |
small is small to subject, large is large to subject
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8 typical lighting classifications
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front, quarter, side, cross, back, overhead, low, diffused
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angle for quarter lighting
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45
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classification flattering for portraits
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quarter light
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classification used for commercial photography
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cross light
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dramatic effect classification
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low light
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characteristics of classification: soften features, incorrectly flat image
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diffused light
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difference between direct and indirect light
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direct travels directly from source to subject, indirect is not aimed at subject and is affected by diffusion/filtration/reflection
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working with flash, remember ____ about color
2 options for flash |
both flash and scene have color
alter mood with new color palette or blend flash with existing light |
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what dilemma do you face with flash
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alter mood with color palette or blend flash with existing light
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best light during when
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early morning/ late afternoon
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natural light easiest to meter in
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front light
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natural light that is safest light
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overcast front light
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eleven tips for shooting in direct sunlight
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move into shade
make own shade shoot into sun w/ fill flash shoot into sun w/ reflector change perspective use lens hood filters white balance settings metering pick time of day to shoot shoot silhouettes |
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t/f flash is only used to supplement existing light and never as a primary light source
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false
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dr harold edgerton invented ____
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electronic flash
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inventor of electronic flash, one advantage
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dr harold edgerton, stops action
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the fastest shutter speed usable with flash
typical speed |
flash sync speed
1/200, 1/250 |
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what happens when shutter speed is faster than the flash sync speed
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the sensor is not fully exposed so there is a "flash-less" area of pic
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difference between front curtain sync and rear curtain sync
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front - flash at beginning
rear - flash at end |
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t/f whether you choose front curtain sync for your flash or rear curtain sync only matters in longer exposures
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true
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what does ev compensation for flash do?
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reduce or increase the power output of the flash by up to 3 stops
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most common use and misuse of flash
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direct flash
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drawbacks of which flash: flat light, washed out, hard shadows
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direct flash
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causes red eye
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direct flash
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benefit of using off camera flash
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off camera allows the flash to provide more modeling
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bounce flash
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aimed at a reflecting surface and the light is bounced off of that subject
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benefit of bounce flash
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good modeling with no harsh shadows
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drawback of bounce flash
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uses more power to bounce off ceiling, light falls from top to bottom, picks up color of reflecting surface
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does bounce flash require more power?
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yes
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are ceiling and walls only option for bounce
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no
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five benefits of fill flash
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allows you to illuminate areas in a scene that would be lost due to high contrast
allows you to expose properly and bring detail to subject tones down harsh shadows adds catch light in eyes details in nature and macro |
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shooting senario benefitting from fill flash
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harsh shadows on subjects face, fill flash tones them down
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focal length ideal for portrait
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105mm
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white balance for proper skin tones
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cooler
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