Phonics

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phonics

Back 1

method of teaching beginning reading using phonetics

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phonetics

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the study of human speech sounds

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phoneme

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the smallest unit of sound of sound in a language

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phonemic awareness

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ability to recognize that words are made up of individual sounds put together

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consonant blend

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two or more consonent letters blended together in one syllable without losing their own identities

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dipthong

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single vowel sound made up of a glide from one vowel sound to another in immediate sequence and pronounced in one syllable

ex. /oi/ in boy, /ou/ in house

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r-controlled vowel

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when a vowel letter is followed by the letter r, it affects the vowel sound so that it is neither short nor long

ex: her, dare, for, car

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schwa sound

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unstressed sound commonly occurring in unstressed syllables; represented by /e/ and closely resembles the short sound for u

ex: about, occur, pencil, circus

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grapheme

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letter or combination of letters that represents a sound (phoneme)

ex: b represents /b/ (sound) in bat

ph represents /f/ (sound) in phone

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digraph

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two letters that stand for a single sound (phoneme)

ex: thin- th stand for /th/ (sound)
each- ea stand for long e sound
look- oo stand for short o sound

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onset

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the consonant sound(s) of a syllable that come before the vowel sound

ex: mat- /m/(sound) comes before /at/(sound

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rime

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the part of a syllable that includes the vowel sound and any consonant sounds that come after it

ex: pig- /ig/(sound) comes after /p/

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phonogram

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graphic representation of a rime; a vowel grapheme (letter) and ending consonant grapheme (letter) together

ex: /at/ in mat
/ig/ in pig
/ar/ in car

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syllable

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a unit of sound consisting of a vowel alone or a vowel with one or more consonants; there can only be one vowel sound (phoneme) in each syllable

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closed syllable

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any syllable that ends with a consonant sound (phoneme)

ex: come /m/
paste /t/
love /v/
ran /n/

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open syllable

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any syllable that ends with a vowel sound (phoneme)

ex: many -long e sound
boy /oi/
may- long a sound

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breve

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symbol (~) paced over a vowel letter to show it is pronounced as a short sound

unglided vowel

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circumflex

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symbol (^) placed above vowel sounds (graphemes) to indicate pronounciation

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macron

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symbol (-) placed over a vowel letter to show it is pronounced as a long sound

glided vowel

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umlaut

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symbol (..) placed above vowel letters (graphemes) to indicate pronounciation