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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Acoustic Phonetics |
the branch of phonetics that deals with the acoustic properties of sound; is a subfield of physics that deal with the generation and transmission of sound |
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Allograph |
any one alphabet letter or combination of letters that represent a particular phoneme. one phoneme may be represented (spelled) by several different allographs. |
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allophone |
one of the sound variants within a phoneme class, often used in a specified phonetic context |
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alphabet |
a system of written symbols used to express a language |
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arresting |
another name for syllable-final sounds, they arrest (stop) the syllable |
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articulatory phonetics |
the branch of phonetics that deals with how sounds are formed; also called physiological phonetics |
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clinical phonetics |
the branch of phonetics that deals with errors or abnormalities in the production of sound. |
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closed |
a syllable that ends in a consonant |
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complementary distribution |
a term used to describe two or more allophones of a particular phoneme that occur in a mutually exclusive phonetic contexts |
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diacritic mark |
a special symbol used to modify a phonetic symbol to indicate a particular phoneme that occur in mutual exclusive phonetic contexts |
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dialect |
different usage patterns within a language; speakers of one dialect of the same language |
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dictionary |
an inventory of the words in a language, usually together with their meaning |
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final |
the final position or segment in a word, e.g the t in the word bat is a final consonant |
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free variation |
a term used to describe allophones that may be exchanged for one another in a particular phonetic context |
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geminate |
sounds that occur as a pair, such as the two k sounds in bookkeeper or the two s sounds in gas supply |
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grapheme |
a unit in the writing system of a langauge |
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idiolect |
an individual or personal pattern of language usage. Each user of language has an idiolect |
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initial |
the first position or segment in a word. e.g the b in the word bat is an initial consonant |
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lexicon |
an inventory of the morphemes in a languag |
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medial |
a middle position or segment in a word (i.e not initial or final) the b is medial in the words rubber, rebut,and tooth brush. |
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minimal contrast |
a sound segment distinction by which two morphemes or words differ in pronunciation. minimal contrasts are basic to the discovery of phonemes in a language. |
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morph |
an individual morpheme like shape in a language sample |
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morpheme |
the smallest unit of language that carries a semantic interpretation (meaning) |
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morphemic transcription |
a written account of the morphemic content of a language sample |
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morphemics |
the study of morphemes; a subfield of linguistics |
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morpholoy |
the part of linguistics concerned with the study of morphemes, the meaning-bearing elements of a language |
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open |
a syllable that does not end in a consonant |
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phone |
a particular occurrence of a speech sound segment |
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phoneme |
a basic speech segment that has linguistics function of distinguishing morphemes (the minimal units of meaning in a language) |
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phonetic symbol |
a written character that represents a particular speech segment |
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phonetic transcription |
a written account of the sound segments in a s spoken language sample |
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phonology |
the study of the structure and function of sounds in langauge |
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postvocalic |
occurring after a vowel, e.g the t in the eat is a postvocalic consonant |
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prevocalic |
occurring before a vowel, e.g the b in bee is a prevocalic consonant |
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regional dialect |
a pattern of language usage that is shared by people living in a particular geographic region. A language mat have several regional dialects |
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releasing |
another name for syllable-initial sounds; they releases (begin) the syllable |
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sign language |
a system of communication that uses manual symbols, such as hand positions, postures and movements to express language |
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speech |
a mode of language expression based on sounds emitted though the nose and mouth |
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speech community |
a group of people who live within the same geographic boundaries and use the same language |