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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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rationalism
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the position that reason alone, without the aid of sensory information, is capable of arriving at some knowledge, at some undeniable truths
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perception
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processes of seeing, hearing, smelling, touching, and tasting by which we become awareof or apprehend ordinary objects such as chairs, tables, rocks, trees
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a priori
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knowledge that is known independently of sense perception and that is necessary true and indubitable
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empiricism
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the belief that all knowledge about the world comes from or based on the senses
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a posteriori
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knowledge statd in empirically verifiable or falsifiable statements
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primary qualities
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things that can be measured - size, shape, and weight
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secondary qualities
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smell, texture, taste
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sense data
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things or sensory impressions - the immediate contents of sensory experience - that, accordingto the critical realists, indicate the presence and nature of percieved objects
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solipsism
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the position that only I exist and that everything else is just a creation of my subjective consciousness
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skepticism
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denial of the possibility that we can have certain knowledge about much of what we all take for granted
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transcendental idealism
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what we experience are things as they appear to us, not things as they are in themselves, and because the minds inserts rational structures or forms into the world that appears to us, that world is governed by laws that reason can know without sense observation
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inductive reasoning
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reasoning to general probable laws from many particular sensory observations
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hypothesis
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proving an idea by scientific study
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correspondance theory
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truth is an agreement between a proposition and a fact
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coherence theory
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theory that truth has to be related to consistant statements
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pragmatic theory
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theory that truth is something that works and is useful
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psoudo science
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belief that something is science and has scientific evidence ex. chiropractic medicine.
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Ree Descarte
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Rationalist
"I think, therefore I am" a priori |
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Locke
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Emperisist
Distinguishes between primary and secondary qualities |
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Berkly
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Emperisist
Says that something has to be percieved in order to happen God is the perciever |
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Hume
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Emperisist
Believed that all knowledge consists of beliefs Ultimate skeptic |
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Thomas Kuhn
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Believed that science gathers information in rapid spurts
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Truth (pragmatic)
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people believe that something is the truth and it works for them then it is the truth for them
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