Philosophy Test #1

Front 1

Plato was Socrates' teacher

Back 1

False

Front 2

Philosophy begins with wonder

Back 2

True

Front 3

The word "philosophy" comes from two Latin words meaing "love of wisdom"

Back 3

False

Front 4

Existentialism holds that humans determine their own essence.

Back 4

True

Front 5

Innate ideas are ideas present in the mind since age three.

Back 5

False

Front 6

The ability to love and to know are the distinguishing characteristics of human beings in the Judeo-Christian veiw.

Back 6

True

Front 7

Logic is the study of correct reasoning.

Back 7

True

Front 8

In good inductive reasoning, the conclusion is based on a sufficient number of observations of a representative sample.

Back 8

True

Front 9

Philosophy is no more than mere speculation

Back 9

False

Front 10

Locke believed we come into the world with innate ideas

Back 10

False

Front 11

Hume believed that only minds and their ideas exist.

Back 11

False

Front 12

The "Myth of the Cave" is astory in The Republic written by Socrates.

Back 12

False

Front 13

Hume considered the Copernican revolution in knowledge.

Back 13

False

Front 14

The Traditional Western theory of human nature views the human primarily as a feeling and compassionate creature

Back 14

False

Front 15

Philosophy examines the most basic concerns of human existance.

Back 15

True

Front 16

Kuhn was an American philosopher of science.

Back 16

True

Front 17

Philosophy operates primarily on emotions.

Back 17

False

Front 18

Existentialism holds that existance precedes essence.

Back 18

True

Front 19

Gestalt psychology sees the most significant aspect of existance as its wholeness or interrelatedness

Back 19

True

Front 20

Kuhn argued that scientific knowledge grows over time

Back 20

False

Front 21

Knowledge that does not depend on sense experience

Back 21

a priori

Front 22

The defining characterisitc that makes something what it is.

Back 22

essence

Front 23

A creative guess by a scientist yet to be tested.

Back 23

hypothesis

Front 24

What it essentially means to be a human being

Back 24

human nature

Front 25

The ego that exists in a physical body and is conscious and rational

Back 25

self

Front 26

The freedom of being able to secide for oneself by using one's own rationallity.

Back 26

autonomy

Front 27

Holds that humans are whatever they make themselves to be

Back 27

existentialism

Front 28

Knowledge that depends on ecperience

Back 28

A posteriori

Front 29

The belief that human beings are made so that they can act only out of self interest.

Back 29

psychological egoism

Front 30

Position that only I exist

Back 30

solipsism

Front 31

Refers to the process of seeing, hearing, smelling, touching, and tasting.

Back 31

perception

Front 32

The idea that we can completely understand one kind of reality in terms of another.

Back 32

reductionism

Front 33

Reasoning to general probably laws from many particular observations

Back 33

inductive reasoning

Front 34

Restricts the study of humans to what can be observed.

Back 34

behaviorism

Front 35

State the famous quote attributted to Socrates that captures the essence of his approach to philosophy. In what setting does he make this statement.

Back 35

"An unexamined life is not worth living." He made this statement as he was on trial for corrupting youth.

Front 36

The most influential version of the traditional Western theory of human nature views the human being primarily as a ...

Back 36

person capable of reason and responsible for choices made.

Front 37

State the three traditional divisions of philosophy and what each one seeks to study.

Back 37

Epistemology - study of knowledge

Metaphysics - study of reality

Ethics - study of morals and values

Front 38

State the relationship between the premises and the conclusion for both deductive logic and inductive logic

Back 38

Inductive - if premises are true, the conclusion is probably true

Deductive - if premises are true, the conclusion must be true

Front 39

How many premises may any logic argument have?

Back 39

Any number

Front 40

How many conclusions may any argument have?

Back 40

One

Front 41

State 4 characteristics of a self-actualized person

Back 41

-They think, evaluate, and decide for themselves

-Profound self-awareness

-Flexability

-Creativity

Front 42

Define primary qualities and give an example of one.

Back 42

h

Front 43

pre-Socratics

Back 43

the first thinkers in the West who questioned religious authority and tried to provide nonreligious explanations of nature

Front 44

reductionism

Back 44

the idea that we can completely understand one kind of reality in terms of another kind.

Front 45

What is the purpose of the "Myth of the Cave?"

Back 45

Philosophy is like a prisoner in a dark cave and escaped out into the light. In order to understand philosophy you need to open your mind to new ideas.