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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Plato was Socrates' teacher
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False
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Philosophy begins with wonder
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True
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The word "philosophy" comes from two Latin words meaing "love of wisdom"
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False
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Existentialism holds that humans determine their own essence.
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True
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Innate ideas are ideas present in the mind since age three.
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False
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The ability to love and to know are the distinguishing characteristics of human beings in the Judeo-Christian veiw.
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True
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Logic is the study of correct reasoning.
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True
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In good inductive reasoning, the conclusion is based on a sufficient number of observations of a representative sample.
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True
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Philosophy is no more than mere speculation
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False
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Locke believed we come into the world with innate ideas
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False
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Hume believed that only minds and their ideas exist.
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False
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The "Myth of the Cave" is astory in The Republic written by Socrates.
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False
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Hume considered the Copernican revolution in knowledge.
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False
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The Traditional Western theory of human nature views the human primarily as a feeling and compassionate creature
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False
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Philosophy examines the most basic concerns of human existance.
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True
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Kuhn was an American philosopher of science.
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True
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Philosophy operates primarily on emotions.
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False
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Existentialism holds that existance precedes essence.
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True
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Gestalt psychology sees the most significant aspect of existance as its wholeness or interrelatedness
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True
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Kuhn argued that scientific knowledge grows over time
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False
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Knowledge that does not depend on sense experience
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a priori
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The defining characterisitc that makes something what it is.
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essence
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A creative guess by a scientist yet to be tested.
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hypothesis
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What it essentially means to be a human being
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human nature
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The ego that exists in a physical body and is conscious and rational
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self
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The freedom of being able to secide for oneself by using one's own rationallity.
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autonomy
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Holds that humans are whatever they make themselves to be
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existentialism
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Knowledge that depends on ecperience
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A posteriori
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The belief that human beings are made so that they can act only out of self interest.
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psychological egoism
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Position that only I exist
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solipsism
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Refers to the process of seeing, hearing, smelling, touching, and tasting.
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perception
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The idea that we can completely understand one kind of reality in terms of another.
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reductionism
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Reasoning to general probably laws from many particular observations
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inductive reasoning
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Restricts the study of humans to what can be observed.
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behaviorism
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State the famous quote attributted to Socrates that captures the essence of his approach to philosophy. In what setting does he make this statement.
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"An unexamined life is not worth living." He made this statement as he was on trial for corrupting youth.
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The most influential version of the traditional Western theory of human nature views the human being primarily as a ...
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person capable of reason and responsible for choices made.
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State the three traditional divisions of philosophy and what each one seeks to study.
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Epistemology - study of knowledge
Metaphysics - study of reality Ethics - study of morals and values |
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State the relationship between the premises and the conclusion for both deductive logic and inductive logic
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Inductive - if premises are true, the conclusion is probably true
Deductive - if premises are true, the conclusion must be true |
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How many premises may any logic argument have?
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Any number
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How many conclusions may any argument have?
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One
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State 4 characteristics of a self-actualized person
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-They think, evaluate, and decide for themselves
-Profound self-awareness -Flexability -Creativity |
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Define primary qualities and give an example of one.
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h
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pre-Socratics
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the first thinkers in the West who questioned religious authority and tried to provide nonreligious explanations of nature
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reductionism
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the idea that we can completely understand one kind of reality in terms of another kind.
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What is the purpose of the "Myth of the Cave?"
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Philosophy is like a prisoner in a dark cave and escaped out into the light. In order to understand philosophy you need to open your mind to new ideas.
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