• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/41

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

41 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Two views of Monism

Physicalism and Idealism

Substance Dualism

2 kinds of substances mental and material

Lebnz's law of identicals

if a and b are identical then a and b share all their properties

george

taylor

Intensional fallacy (sub dualism)

confusion between what something really has and what something has only under one description

Princess elizabeths objection to descartes dualism

How could a mind which is nonphysical interact with a body that is physical

Consciousness

the fact of awareness by the mind of itself and the world

Intentionality

power of minds to be about, to represent, or to stand for, things, properties and state of affairs

The mind-body problem

The things in the mind (thoughts, knowledge, etc..) are fundamentally different from the things of the brain/body/matter

Problem of Mental causation

Mental events cause physical events, but how can mental events have any casual effects on physical events

Qualia

properties that make experiences feel different (pain qualia, taste qualia, etc..)

Inverted Spectrum

People can be the same with respect to their physical property, but can have different qualia for one thing (e.g. the color red). Qualia must be nonphysical

A philosophical zombie

A thing that shares all my physical properties and behaviors but lacks my qualia. If this is conceivable then qualia are nonphysical

Property dualism

Mental properties are a distinct kind of property, a kind of property, a kind of property not identical to or "reducible" to any kind of physical property

Epiphenomenalism

Mental events are caused by physical events in the brain, but have no effects upon any physical events. Muscles, neurons, etc... cause behavior, not mental events

Solipsism

everything you take to be real is actually just an idea in your own mind. Life is a long dream

Panpsychism

Everything has a mind, even innate objects like a grain of sand

Psychological behaviorism

Behaviors are learned through positive and negative reinforcements

Philosophical behaviorism

You can use logic and prior events to determine what a person will do in a specific situation

Mind-brain identity theory

The states and processes of the mind are identical to the states and processes of the brain

Qualitative identity

Shares all or most properties


-If a and b are qualitative identical, then you would have two things that are identical

Numerical identity

Strictly one in the same


- If a and b are numerically identical, then you would only have one thing with two names

A priori

knowable prior to experience or observation

A posteriori

Knowable only through an experience or observation

Type-token distinction

distinction between a general sort of thing and its particular concrete instances

Multiple realization

single mental kind (property, state, event) can be realized by many distinct physical kinds


-pain is a good example. Pain can have a relation to many physical kinds of pain, although there is only one mental kind which is pain.

Functionalism

Mental states are identified by what they do rather than what they are. brains are physical devices with neural substrate that perform computations on inputs which produce behaviors

Descartes argumetn for dualism using leibniz's law

Physical bodies are spatial, minds aren't, therefore the mind and body are seperate. And to prove the mind isn't physical he says that minds can think and physical bodies cannot, therefore minds aren't physical

Descartes Conceivability argument for dualism

I can conceive that my mind exists without my body.


I cannot conceive that my body exists without my mind.


My mind is different from my body

Princess Elizabeth's objeciton to descates dualism

If the mind is not physical, how can it interact with a physical body?

An argument for dualism via the inverted spectrum

-I can imagine that someone shares all my physical properties, but different qualia


-If it's possible for me to conceive this then it's possible for there to be such a being


-if this such being is possible, then qualia are not physical properties


-Qualia are not physical

The knowledge argument

Mary in the b&w room has all physical facts about red. She leaves and sees red and gains new knowledge. Physicalism is false not all properties are physical

Qualia Objection to Behaviorism

Possible to conceive someone with all the same behaviors and dispositions but have different qualia from each other


Arguments for and against the mind brain identity theory

?

The Turing Test

computer have an intelligent conversation without the person knowing it is a computer

Searle's Chinese room argument

you know this

Arguments for and against functionalism

?

Sellar's objection to behaviorism

1. it is part of our very concept of a mental state like a belief that it is the cause or explanation of certain behaviors.


2. Genuine casual explanations cannot be circular.


3. Behavorism would make the resulting casual explanation circular

Geach-Chiholm objection to behavorism

Mental states cannot be individually connected with behaviors, but can only be connected to behaviors in concert with other mental states in a way that makes behaviorism an in actable complex theory.

arguments agains functionalism

zombie argument, chinese room argument

Zombie argument against functionalism

if functionalism is true then it is impossible for there to be 2 beings exactly the same functionally but differing in that only one of them is a zombie