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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Axiom |
a proposition that is not proved or demonstrated but considered to be self-evident and taken for granted. |
Proposition |
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Causality |
the law that states that each cause has a specific effect, and that this effect is dependent on the initial identitiesof the agents involved. |
Cause and Effect |
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Consciousness |
the faculty which perceives and identifies things that exist, and the relationship between oneself and one's environment. |
To be or not to be |
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Entity |
something that has a distinct and separate existence, although not necessarily a material existence. |
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Fallacy |
any sort of mistake in reasoning or inference (essentially, anything that causes an argument to go wrong). |
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Freehought |
the general philosophical viewpoint that holds that beliefs should be formed on the basis of science and logic, and should not be influenced by emotion, authority, tradition, or dogma. |
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Hermeneutics |
the study of theories of the interpretation and understanding of texts (often the Bible). |
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Infinite Regress |
a causal relationshiptransmitted through an indefinite number of terms in a series, with no term that begins the causal chain (going back through a chain forever). |
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Inductive Reasoning |
reasoning that proceeds from particular information to derive general principles (arriving at a reliable generalization from observations). |
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Instantiation |
the representation of an ideain the form of an instance or example of it. |
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Law of Non-Contradiction |
the basic law of logic which states that it is not possible for something to be and not be at the same time. |
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Paradox |
a statement or sentiment that is seemingly contradictory or opposed to common sense, and yet is perhaps true in fact, or a statement that is actually self-contradictory (and therefore false) even though it appears true. |
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Noumenon |
the intellectual conception of a thing as it is in itself, not as it is known through perception (c.f. Phenomenon). |
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Phenomenon |
a thing as it appears to be, as constructed by the mind and perceived by the senses (c.f. Noumenon). |
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Nihilism |
The rejection of all religious and moral principles. Belief that life is meaningless. |
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