Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Normative
|
What ought to be ( Action Guiding)
|
|
Psychological Egoism
|
Not a Moral Theory - Psychological theory- Says that people always act on their own self interist and cannot do otherwise.
|
|
Utilitarianism
|
An act is right only if it produces the most good for the most people
|
|
Rule Utilitarianism
|
An act is right if it follows a rule that is part of a set of rules that if everyone followed would result in more good than any available alternative.
|
|
Cultural Ethical Relativism
|
(Conventionalism or Conventional Ethical relativism)No universally valid moral priciples and right and wrong are determined by the culture.
|
|
Subjectivism
|
No universal moral principles right and wrong for the individual are determined by the individual.
|
|
Ethics
|
The whole domain of morality, and moral philosophy
|
|
Ethical Egoism
|
The idea that it is morally right to always seek ones own self interest
|
|
Natural Law
|
Humans have a rational nature (given by God). These laws are universal, unchanging, and not overridable
|
|
Intrinsic Good
|
Good because of their nature, they are not derived from other goods (Simple Joys)
|
|
Instrumental Goods
|
An effective means of attaining our intrinsic goods. (Mking medicine and making money)
|
|
Combination Goods
|
Good in themselves and good as a means to further goods.(knowlege, Sight & Health)
|
|
Act Utilitarianism
|
An act is right if and only if it results in as much good as any available alternative.
|
|
Communitarianism
|
The belief that we have an obligation to care for others in our community, especially when they cannot care for themselves
|
|
Supererogatory
|
Neither required or obligatory , but they exceed what morality requires. Going beyond the call of duty.
|
|
Altruism
|
The tehory that we can and should sometimes act in favor of others interests
|
|
Purpose of Morality
|
To keep society from falling apart
|
|
Moderate Objectivism
|
Belives that there are Universal moral principles, but some can be overridden by other moral principles.
|
|
Absolutist
|
Belives that there are universal moral principles that cannot be overridden no matter what the situation
|
|
Doctrine of Double effect
|
Purpose is to check if an action is morally permissible by meeting certain criteria.
|
|
Economist Arguement For Ethical Egoism
|
Individual self interest in a competitive market causes ohers to produce a better product leading to the best overall situation for everyone not just own self.
|
|
Publicity Argument against Ethical Egoism
|
In order to be a moral theory principles must be universal which is inconsitent with the definition of Ethical Egoism.
|
|
Difference Between A subjectivist & an Objectivist
|
A subjectivist believes that there are no moral values, right & wron are determined by the individual.Th objectivist believes that moral principles are universal, but can be overridden by other moral principles, depending on the circumstances.0
|
|
Ayn Rand Views on Altruism
|
Ayn Rand believed that altruism erodes mans capacity to grasp the vaue of an individual life. And that the self - denial would eventually lead to self destruction.
|