Philo

Front 1

define Philosophy

Back 1

love of wisdom. Philia (love) Sophia - (Wisdom)

Front 2

define metaphysics

Back 2

the branch of philosophy that attempts to understand the fundamental nature of all reality, whether visible or invisible

Front 3

define epistemology

Back 3

is the branch of philosophy which studies the origin, nature, and scope of knowledge.

Front 4

define axiology

Back 4

is the study of value or quality

Front 5

name Socrates 3 arguements for not escaping Athens

Back 5

1.)Destroying the state (in disobeying the law, we destroy the state)
2.)The analogy between the state and ones parents. (since the state provides a social environment for us, we must respect and obey it like our parents.)
3.)Social Construct: social living is a cooperative arrangement in which there are enormous benefits, and in return we must agree to support its institutions to make those benefits possible.

Front 6

3 arguements for the existence of God.

Back 6

1.)First Cause
2.)Necessary Being
3.)Intelligent Design

Front 7

First Cause

Back 7

The idea that God was the first cause in the long chain of causes. Everything that exists must have a cause

Front 8

Necessary Being

Back 8

the idea that the universe is not self-subsufficient, therefore it cannot be sustained by itself. It must be sustained by something else.

Front 9

Paley's watch analogy

Back 9

the universe consists of parts framed andput together for a purpose.

Front 10

natural vs. moral evil

Back 10

Moral evil is the evil that results from the actions of human beings (e.g. murder, negligence).
Natural evil is all other evil (e.g. natural disasters).

Front 11

defense vs. theodicy

Back 11

Defense: God is logically consistent with evil
Theodicy: how evil fits into God's plan

Front 12

the problem of life after death

Back 12

1.)near death experiences
-- influence of drugs
-Oxygen deprivation
-commonplace dreaming and hallucinating

Front 13

immortality of the soul and bodily resurrection

Back 13

immortal soul: simplicity of the soul (destroying a shirt)
bodily: (see 43)

Front 14

reincarnation

Back 14

- there werent enough people alive in generations before us

Front 15

psychic communication with the dead

Back 15

cold reading: the psychic appears to produce information when information is being provided by the client
hot reading: when the reader has advanced information

Front 16

Hume's arguement against miracles

Back 16

he asks himself whether it is more probable for the person decieve, or that the person to be deceived.

Front 17

the problem of personal identity - 3

Back 17

1.)Same Body Theory
2.)Memory-Continuous
3.)Bundle Theory

Front 18

Same Body Theory

Back 18

a person who lives at an earlier time and a person who lives at a later time are the same person, if and only if they have the same body.

Front 19

Memory continuous thoery

Back 19

a person who lives at an earlier time and a person who lives at a later time are the same person, if and only if they have the same body and if he can remember what was done, felt, thought

Front 20

Bundle Theory

Back 20

your mental life consists of a bundle of perceptions, thoughts, memories, emotions and such other things which are connected with one another in various ways

Front 21

buddhist theory of the 5 aggregates

Back 21

Body:we are so busy worrying about our bodies it become a prison
feelings:feelings come and go so dont be trapped by them
perception: our ideas change due to emotions and circumstances. dont be trapped
Volitional activities: we are trapped in egocentricity in activities
conciousness: we ourselves are the only ones who sense the world around us in the way that we do.. therefore we are trapped in our own consciousness.

Front 22

Inter-being

Back 22

there is no separately existing self. I am connected to all things in the world. Mindfullness.

Front 23

mind body problem

Back 23

the belief that events in the brain cause mental experiences. belives that there is a specific part of the brain where this exists

Front 24

the piecemeal replacement

Back 24

suppose they had a microchip tha would replace diseased parts of your brain. would you still be a concious being?

Front 25

dualism

Back 25

the belief that mind and body are separate. Physical and mental facts. -- the problem is to explain the nature of the mental facts and link them with the physical facts.

Front 26

3 types of materialism

Back 26

behaviorism: behaviour is refereced to thoughts and feelings (A: you can be concious without behaving)
mind-brain identity:inputs from the world result in output
functionalism:the mind functions for the specific purpose of feelings, emotions, etc.

Front 27

intentionality

Back 27

mental states are about things instead of actually being. (you can think of Boston, but not actually be in Boston)

Front 28

subjectivity

Back 28

experieces that have a subjective character: something that is to see that color, or taste that taste.

Front 29

the chinese room argument

Back 29

to have a mind a system must have more than a syntax (rules) it must have a semantics (meaning)