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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Describe Initial Contact
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Foot of the lead extremity strikes the ground.
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Describe Loading Response
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Begins with Initial contact until the contralateral limb is lifted for swing.
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First period of Double Support
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Loading Response
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Describe Midstance
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Begins at the end Loading Response as the contralateral foot is lifted from the ground and continues until the body weight is aligned over the forefoot and Tibia of swing leg approaches vertical.
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Describe Terminal Stance
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Begins with heel rise and continues until the contralateral foot strikes the ground
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Period(s) of Single limb support
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Midstance
Terminal swing |
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Describe Pre-Swing
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Begins with Initial contact of the contralateral limb and ends with ipsilateral toe-off
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Traditional terminology: Point when the heel of the reference of support limb touches the ground
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Heel Strike
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Traditional terminology: The point when the sole of the foot of the reference limb makes contact with the ground
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Foot flat
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Traditional terminology: The point at which full body weight is taken by the reference for support limb
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Midstance
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Traditional terminology: The heel of the reference or support limb leaves the ground.
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Heel-off
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Traditional terminology: Only the toe of the reference or support limb is in contact with the ground
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Toe-off
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Muscle(s) active during Initial Contact
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Knee extensors
Ankle dorsiflexors |
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Muscle(s) active during Loading response
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Knee extensors
Anke PF (Gastrocnemius-Soleus) |
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Muscle(s) active during Midstance
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Hip, knee, and ankle extensors
Hip abductors |
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Muscle(s) active during terminal stance
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Ankle PF
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Muscle(s) active during Pre-swing
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Hip and knee extensors (hamstring and quads)
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Describe Initial Swing
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Starts from toe-off of the reference limb to maximum knee flexion of the same extremity
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Describe midswing
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Starts from maximum knee flexion of the reference limb to a vertical tibial position
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Describe Terminal swing
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Starts from vertical tibial position of the reference limb to just prior to Initial contact
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Traditional termnology: Starts from toe-off of the reference limb until midswing
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Acceleration
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Traditional termnology: The reference extremity moves directly below the body
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Midswing
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Traditional termnology: The reference extremity is slowing down inpreparation for heel strike
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Deceleration
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Muscle(s) active during Initial Swing
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Quadriceps
Hip flexors (Iliopsoas) |
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Muscle(s) active during Midswing
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Hip, knee flexors
Ankle DF |
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Muscle(s) active during Terminal Swing
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Hamstrings
Quadriceps Ankle DF |