Phases In The Dev Of Public Admin

Front 1

1.Pre-public administration phase

Back 1

The first phase that mainly involved the issue of scientific approaches to study include philosophers as Plato, Aristotle and Machiavelli.

Until the dev of the national state, the emphasis was principally on the problems of moral and political nature, and on the Organisation of the public admin.

The operationalisation of this admin was considered to be a less urgent problem.

The need for expert public servants, with knowledge about taxes, statistics, admin and the military organisation increased to deal with the issues related to defence and law and order.

Front 2

2. First phase of public administration

Back 2

Lorenz von Stein, since 1855, is considered the founder of the science of PA in Europe.

In the time of von Science, the science of PA was considered to be a form of administrative law, but von Stein thought that this relationship was too restrictive.

He considered the science of PA a melting pot of several disciplines, like sociology, political science, administrative law and public finance.

He thought that the science of PA should strive to adopt a scientific method

Wilson was more influential to the science of pa than Von Stein, primarily due to an article Wilson wrote in 1887, entitled The study of Administration.

he argued in favour of four concepts: namely; Separation between politics and pa;

Considered of the govt from a commercial perspective;

Comparative analysis between political and private organisations and political schemes; and

Obtaining effective mgt by training public servants and asses their quality.

He made a distinction between politics and administration by arguing that administrative questions are not political questions. Politics set the tasks for administration. It should not be allowed to manipulate the offices were (public) administration is practised.

Front 3

3.Second phase

Back 3

Luther Gulick and Lyndall Urwick were important authors who identified the need to write on the science of (Public) Administration.

Gulick and Urwick believed that the thoughts of Fayol offered a systematic treatment of management.

They did not want to separate the private sector and the public sector, but believed that a single Science of Administration, exceeding the borders between the private and the public sector, could exist.

Front 4

4.Third Phase

Back 4

The third generation developed after 1945 which questioned the ideas of Wilson and the proponents of the second phase. Initially the distinction between politics and the public administration was strongly relativized by the third phase. Because of various political scandals in the political arena in the USA

Front 5

5. Forth phase

Back 5

the academic field evolved in the united states from balls political science and law as a substrate study in the 1910. The interdisciplinary nature of public administration is acknowledged and it is viewed as a discipline covering a particular area, that is the administrative and managerial duties of officials appointed in supervisory posts.

As activity public administration and management can be compared to business administration but only as far as the more technical characteristics are involved.

PA series is the domain where discussion of the meaning and purpose of government budget public affairs take place. The art of public administration has been practiced for centuries but the scientific study of only started in the 1880s, thus public administration as an activity requires a scientific study but the application of public administration requires a personal skill of the individual

Front 6

6. Twentieth century to current

Back 6

Government started playing an important role in business through regulating interalia manufacture products through welfare services.

During decades following government departments remained the main custodians of service delivery. Weberian hierarchical model is applied in most public institutions.

this will ensure that public employees keep to the habitual rules and regulations, it also has an effect on the study of PA and management.PA concerns the study of the administrative requirements to render services public administration is influenced by complex political social and physical factors.

Front 7

Thank you

Back 7

The end