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7 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
(P) AMIODARONE
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4:
ONLY in life-threatening arrhythmias MECH: prolongation of phase 3 (repolarization), reduction in membrane excitability of all myocardial tissue. CONTRAS: Severe sinus-node dysfunction, 2nd and 3rd degree AV block ADVERSES: Pulmonary toxicity, exacerbation of the arrhythmia, and liver disease -must monitor respiratory rate (b/c pulmonary toxicity) -Absorbed slowly (ONLY 50% available) - must put in glass bottle (interacts with plastic bags) - |
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(P) VERAPRAMIL
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4:
Atrial fib / flutter MECH: Inhibits the movement of calcium ions across the cardiac and arterial muscle cell membrane. (lowers BP) CONTRAS: Constipation, dizziness, headache, nausea, hypotension, and peripheral edema ADVERSES: Sick sinus syndrome, 2nd or 3rd degree heart block and hypotension - Do not admin with IV Beta blockers --> hypOtens |
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(P) SODIUM POLYSTYRENE SULFONATE
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4:
hyperkalemia MECH: Releases sodium ions that are replaced with potassium ions. - get serum K+ level b4 & after (normal = 3.5-5 mEq/L) - do not give with cation-donating antacids and laxatives, (magnesium hydroxide and aluminum carbonate) |
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(P) HEPARIN
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4:
Parenteral anticoagulant (Interferes with final clotting cascade steps) MECH: 疾apidly inactivates factor X, which prevents conversion 之f prothrombin to thrombin ADVERSES: BLEEDING and thrombocytopenia - SAFE for pregnant women - aPPt is the "clotting 時ime" - it is the way they monitor how 井ell heparin is working - 可AN be a prophylactic also - 勿OT 皆LL HEPARIN IS THE 同AME (諸arious sizes & weights) - low molec weight (fractionated) hep = easier 2 剤ose & fewer 側ide effects - ** ANTIDOTE = PROTAMINE SULFATE ** (乃rom salmon sperm - but pts w/vasectomies may have Abs to it) |
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When you give clotting factor IV, it is called______
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chryoprecipitate
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(P) *** WARFARIN ***
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4:
ORAL PROPHYLACTIC 4 pts with 長ong term thrombus formation 冒isk -highly protien bound (albumin & alpha- glycoprotien) - Competitively blocks vitamin K at its sites 之f action - variations 之f P-450 may alter drug response - ** ANTIDOTE = VITAMIN K ** (phytonadione) - also RAT 毒OISON (decreases clotting-->intracerebral bleed--> 死eath) - monitored w/ PT & INR (prothrombin 時ime & intrnt'l normalized 率atio) |
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(P) *** CLOPIDROGEL ***
(PLAVIX) |
ANTI-PLATELET
4: to reduce atherosclerotic events 中n 民eople at high 冒isk for these - have stents, 等tc. (when aspirin isn't enough) MECH: Inhibits activation 之f IIb/IIIa platelet antagonists ADVERSES: SEVERE NEUTROPENIA - 取ake it with food |