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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Finasteride
-Mechanism |
5Alpha-reductase inhibitor ( decrease conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone)
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Finasteride
-Clinical use |
Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH).
Also promotes Hair growth- used to treat male-pattern baldness |
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Flutaminde
-Mechanism |
Nonsteroidal competitive inhibitor of androgen at the testosterone receptor
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Flutaminde
-Clinical use |
Prostate Carcinoma (tumor regression)
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Ketoconazole
-Mechanism |
Inhibits Steroid Synthesis
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Spironolactone
-Mechanism |
Inhibits steroid binding
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Ketoconazole
-Side Effects |
Gynecomastia and Amenorrhea
Similar to Spironolactone |
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Sprinolactone
-Side effects |
Gynecomastia and Amenorrhea
Similar to Ketoconazole |
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Ketoconazole
-Clinical use |
PCOS and to prevent hirsutism
similar to Spironolactone |
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Sprinolactone
-Clinical use |
PCOS and prevent Hirsutism
similar to Ketoconazole |
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Leuprolide
-Mechanism |
GnRH analog with agonist properties when used in pulsatile fashion and anatagonist property when used in continuous function
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Leuprolide
-Clinical use |
Infertility (pulsatile), prostate cancer (continuous use with flutaminde), uterine fibrosis
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Leuprolide
-Toxicity |
Antiandrogen, nausea, vomitting
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Sildenafile, vardenafil
-Mechanism |
Inhibits cGMP Phosphodiesterase causing increase cGMP, smooth muscle relaxation in the corpus cavernosum, increase blood flow and penile erection
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Sildenafil, verdenafil
-Clinical use |
Treatment of erectile dysfunction
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Sildenafil, verdenafil
-Toxicity |
Headache, flushing, dyspepsia, impaired blue-green color vision. Risk of life threatening hypotension in patients taking nitrates
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Mifepristone
-Mechanism |
Competitive inhibitor of progestins at progesterone receptor
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Mifepristone
-Clinical use |
Termination of pregnancy,. administered with misoprostol.
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Mifepristone
-Toxicity |
Heavy bleeding, GI effects (nausea, vomiting, anorexia), abdominal pain
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How do oral contraceptive work?
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Prevent estrogen surge, LH surge does not occur --> Ovulation does not occur
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Oral contraceptives
-decreases risk of which cancers and what else |
Endometrial and ovarian cancers and (also decrease pelvic infection and decrease incidence of ectopic pregnancies)
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Oral contraceptives
-side effects |
Hypercoaguble, increase triglycerides, weight gain
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Hormone replacement therapy
-Why is it used |
Used after menopause to cure symptoms ( hot flashes, vaginal atrophy) and osteoporosis (due to decrease estrogen)
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Hormone replacement therapy
-Side effects |
Increases risk of endometrial cancer especially if estrogen thats why progesterone is added
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Dinoprostone
-Mechanism |
PGE2 analog
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DInoprostone
-Clinical Use |
Cervical dilation and uterine contraction, inducing labor
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Ritodrine/ terbutaline
-Mechanism |
Beta-2- Agonist
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Ritodrine/ terbutaline
-Clinical use |
Relaxes the uterus, reducing premature uterine contractions
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Anastrozole/ exemestane
-Mechanism |
Aromatase inhibitors
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Anastrozole/ exemestane
-Clinical use |
used in postmenopausal women with breast cancer. Profound estrogen deprivation so used in estrogen dependent breast cancer
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Testosterone
Mechanism |
Agonist at Androgen receptor
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Testosterone
-Clinical use |
Treat hypogonadism and promote development of secondary sex characteristics; stimulation of anabolsim to promote recovery after burn or injury; treat ER-positive breast cancers (Exemestane)
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Testosterone
-Toxicity |
Causes masculinization in females; reduces intratesticular testosterone in males by inhibiting leydig cells; leads to gonadal atrophy. Premature closure of epiphyseal plates. Increase LDL and decreases HDL
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Estrogens (ethinyl estradiol, DES, Mestranol)
-Mechanism |
Bind estrogen receptors
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Estrogens (ethinyl estradiol, DES, Mestranol)
-Clinical use |
Hypogonadism or ovarian failure, menstrual abnormalites, HRT in postmenopausal women; use in men with androgen-dependent prostate cancer
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Estrogens (ethinyl estradiol, DES, Mestranol)
-Toxicity |
- Increase risk of endomterial cancer,
- bleeding in postmenopausal women - clear cell adenocarcinoma of vagina in females exposed to DES in utero - increase risk of thrombi |
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Estrogens (ethinyl estradiol, DES, Mestranol)
-Contraindicated |
ER + Breast cancers
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Progestins
-Mechanisn |
Bind progesterone receptors, reduce growth, and increase vascularization of endometrium
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Progestins
-Clinical use |
Used in oral contraceptives and in treatment of endometrial cancer and abnormal uterine bleeding
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Raloxifene
-Clinical use |
Estrogen partial agonists (SERM)
Agonist on Bone; reduces resorption of bone, used to treat osteoperosis |
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Tamoxifen
-Clinical use |
Estrogen partial agonists (SERM)
Antagonist on breast tissue; used to treat and prevent recurrence of ER+ breast cancer |
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Clomiphene
-Mechanism |
Estrogen partial agonists (SERM) Partial agonist at estrogen receptor in Pituitary glands. Prevents normal feedback inhibition and increases release of LH and FSH from pituitary which stimulates ovulation.
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Clomiphene
-Clinical use |
Used to treat infertility and PCOS by blocking estrogen
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Clomiphene
-Side effects |
May cause hot flashes, ovarian enlargement, multiple simultaneous pregnancies, and visual disturbances
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