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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Behaviors that increase and decrease a risk for cancer.
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Tobacco,
Alcohol Fats Increase fiber Exercise Sun protection Mammograms Digital Rectal Prostate Exam Occult Blood test Pap test Lumps and skin lesions |
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Canceling the treatment of clyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) (a chemo drug)
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Normal white blood cell count (WBC)is 4,300-10,800.
Normal platelet count is 150,000 to 450,000. Normal hemoglobin is 12-18 mg/dl Normal BUN is 10-20 mg/dl |
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Best way to prevent or decrease chemo-induced nausea and vomiting
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Antiemetics 30 to 45 minutes prior to Antineoplastic
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Most dangerous adverse effect of most chemotherapy agents
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Bone marrow suppression, anemia
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Duodenal ulcer symptoms
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Gnawing or burning , upper abdominal pain that occurs 1 to 3 hours after meal. Bleeding occurs
Bright red blood in vomit Black, tarry stools. |
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Discharge teaching forpeptic ulcer disease
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Explain need for lifestyle changes.
Smoking Foods that increase gastric acid |
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What should the client being treated for peptic ulcer disease with H2 receptor immediately notify
the healthcare provider? |
If using OTC formulations, patients should be seek medical attention if symptoms persist or reoccur.
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Why is combination therapy necessary in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease?
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To increase the effectiveness of drug therapy,
Lower the potential for bacterial resistance |
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Instructions for the client with frequent constipation.
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Increase insoluble dietary fiber and fluid intake
Take a medi-cation regimen that includes drugs that reduces intestinal motility. Physical activity Avoid alcohol High content of refined white flour Dairy products Chocolate. |
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Orlistat (Xenical) what adverse effect to monitor compliance with therapy?
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GI effects such as flatus with discharge,
Oily stool Abdominal pain, and discomfort. |
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“bowel prep” for clients going for bowel surgeries
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Cathartics is the drug of choice preceding
Stimulant laxatives Osmotic Laxatives Enemas. Bulk- forming agents Stool softeners or surfactants Stimulants irritate the bowels to increase peristalsis Saline or osmotic laxatives Miscellaneous agents include mineral oil |
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Iron therapy (ferrous sulfate) related to changes in his/her stool
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Darken stools, but this is a harmless side effect.
Iron will turn stools a harmless dark green or black color constipation is also a side effect. |
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Recognize highest risk for developing vitamin deficiencies.
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Infancy and childhood
Lactation and pregnancy. Low or unbalanced diatery itake Pregnant Chronic disease |
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Vitamin deficiency diseases associated with a history of alcoholism?
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Inhibit the absorption of thiamine and folic acid.
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Consequences of being treated with radioactive iodine (Iodine-131) for a thyroid disorder
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Hypothyroidism, many patients need “thyroid hormone replacement therapy”. Patient should not be in close contact with children or pregnant women, the patient will be emiting small amounts of radiation
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Foods should be limited with hyperthyroidism
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Avoid foods that are high in saturated fat, such as fatty cuts of beef, bacon, processed meats such as salami, and full-fat cheese.
Avoid refined carbohydrates White bread, cake, candy, white rice, a Foods that are high in sugar and High in fat Caffeinated Dairy products |
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Adverse effects of glucocorticoid
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Cushing syndrome,
Insmnia Anxiety Headache Vertigo Confusion and depres-sion Hypertension and tachycardia. Peptic ulcer disease. Hyperglycemia Mood changes Cataracts Electrolyte imbalances Osteoporosis. |
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Teaching points for the client on glucocorticoid therapy related to increases in the blood sugar
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Blood glucose
These drugs increase blood sugar. (Glucocorticoids increase in gluconeogenesis and reduce glucose utilization.) |
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Diabetic client who is unresponsive
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When in doubt treat for Hypoglysemia,
Administration of sugar in the form of IV dextrose solution. Continuous IV infusions may be required. Glucagon may be given Insulin may also be necessary for type 2 diabetics |
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Important regarding the storage of insulin
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Keep insulin vials that are currently in use at room temperature, as it is less irritating to the skin.
When not needed, refrigerate insulin to keep it stable. |
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What should a nurse do when a diabetic pt. who takes oral anti-diabetic medication is ordered to be NPO before a diagnostic test.
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Call the doctor verify the order.
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Describe the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes (what happens at the cellular level over time?).
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Patients are capable of segregating insulin,
Insulin receptors in the target tissues have become insensitive or resistant to the hormone. Thus, a small amount of insulin secreted does not bind to its receptor as efficiently, and less effect is achieved. |
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Tell a client why he cannot take insulin by mouth.
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Insulin is a protein and if taken by mouth,it will be destroyed it would be digested in the body.
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Opioids not used for treating acute pancreatitis
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May cause severe breathing depression.
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Stop the infusion of oxytocin (Pitocin) to induce labor
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If increases the blood pressure, it would be a cause of “headache”.
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What advice would you give a client who has missed taking several doses of her oral contraceptives?
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Extra protection, such condom or spermicide should be used, begin using on the next cycle.
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What would you tell a pre-menopausal pt who asks if she is a candidate for hormone replacement therapy?
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Give information and educate HRT. Find other alternatives.
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What additional information help determine the problem your male client with nocturia and a feeling of fullness in the lower pelvic region is having.
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Age and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ( BPH )
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Guidelines the pt. who has been prescribed Viagra
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Do not take more than once a day 1x a day ( take one hour before sexual activity )
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Know some of the adverse effects that young athletes should be aware of regarding the use of anabolic steriods.
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Low sperm count
Impotence Liver damage Behavioural changes eg: aggression Psychological dependence. |
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Doxazosin (Cardura)
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It will cause orthostatic hypotension
Advise patient to make positional changes slowly and in stages. |
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Instructions Pironolactone (Aldactone) regarding salt substitutes
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Avoid salt substitute (this medicine is a potassium-sparing diurectics)
Hyperkalcemia may develop, potassium level can raise up. |
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Patient on Lasix do who is experiencing a feeling of gaining weight
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Should visit the doctor for evaluation.
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Diuretic related to when the medication should be given
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This medication should be taken in the morning.
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Client is placed on an IV solution containing 10 mEq of potassium chloride in the clinical setting
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Monitor fluid intake and output.
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Regarding a pt’s acid/base balance, what information is important for the pt to give to the healthcare worker if MI is suspected?
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The patient should report any symptoms of
Shortness of breath Palpitations Headache Restlessness. |
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Information to be given to an adolescent athletes regarding fluid replacement during a track event
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Give some nutritional supplement to hold onto the fluid,
Natural substitute of electrolites |
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Lab work critical to monitor in a pt. on dantrolene ( Dantrium )
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Liver function test
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Identify a drug when administered with an antispasmodic that will increase the risk of respiratory depression
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Benzodiapezine
Opioids Antihistamine Alcohol. |
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Advice a woman who complains of waking frequently with leg and foot cramps.
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Take calcium supplements or take quinamm (Quinine sulfate).
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Best treatment for restoring a pt with osteomalacia’s calcium balance.
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Calcium supplement and vitamin D
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Instruction for the pt given colchicine (Novocholchicine) for gout.
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Increase fluid intake 8-12 glasses
Patient to monitor urine output. If urine output goes down then call the doctor. |
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Calcium supplements be taken
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With food, avoid zink rich foods
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Important action when administering lindane (Kwell)
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Leave it on for a long period of time 8-12 hours before washing it off.
Use all over the skin, It should be used as specifically as directed. |
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Instruction of the mother of a teenager taking isotretinoin (Accutane) for acne.
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May cause depression since medication would take longer.
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Patient with psoriasis should know
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This condition cannot be cured, but medication can reduce discomfort
It is not contagious. |
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Patient with glaucoma should be informed
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He/she will always have this disease, but it preventable.
He/she can prevent blindness by taking medication as directed ( eg. putting eye drops everyday ) |
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How to administer her eye drops.
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It should be administered in the conjuctival sac, or bottom sac on the eye.
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How to administer his ear drops.
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Lay on the unaffected side, put drops in the ear.
Stay put for few minutes so that medication won’t drain out. |
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Proper/safe way to remove cerumen from the ear
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This procedure usually involves instillation of an ear wax softener
gentle lavage of the wax-impacted ear with tepid water using an asepto-type syringe to gently insert the water. |