Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is drug interaction
|
The modification of the action of one drug by another drug
|
|
Why is studying drug interactions important
|
Because while judicous use of multiple drugs may be benifical to the patient ,adverse drug interactions can be harmfull or reduce the effect of a drug
|
|
What are the three types of drugs likely to precipitate drug interactions
|
a) drugs that are highly bound to plasma proteins as they are highly likely to displace other drugs from protein binding sites
b) drugs witch altar (stimulate or inhibit ) the metabolism of another drug c)Drugs which affect the renal function and alter the reanal clearance of other drugs |
|
Name the three most common mechanisms for drug interaction
|
a) pharmaceutics
b) pharmacodynamic c)Pharmacokinetic |
|
What are pharmaceutical interactions ?
|
Phisiochemical interactions either of a drug and intervenous infusion solution or of two drugs in a solution such interactions result in a loss of activity of one of the drugs
|
|
Pharmaceutical interactions make it essential to do what
|
Check before adding to infusions or crystalloid or dextrose solutions
|
|
Where inside the body might Pharmaceutical interactions take place
|
The lumen of the gut
|
|
what are the two types of drugs likely to be interacted with
|
a) drugs with a steep dose to response curve
b) drugs which have a low toxic to therapeutic ratio |
|
What are pharmacodynamic interactions
|
An interaction where a drug alters the effect of another at its site of action either directly or indirectly
|
|
what are the three types of pharmacodynamic interaction?
|
a) antagonism at the same site
b) synergism at the same site c) summation or synergism of similar effects at different sites |
|
What is a pharmakinetic interaction>
|
where a drugs absorbtion distribution or elimination is altered by another drug ?
|
|
What might the effect of drugs that chelates metals on the absorption of calcium, magnesium or iron containing compounds
|
Reduced
|
|
What is the result of of the displacement of one drug from another at a protein binding site?
|
an increase in the circulation concentration of the unbound(free-Drug) and thus an increase in effect
|
|
List three common drugs which displace drugs at the protein binding site
|
a)salictylates
b) sulphonamides c)phenylbutazone |
|
What else can cause a decreased binding to protein site
|
Disease states such as hypoproteinaemia
|
|
What is the result of the displacement of Phenytoin by phenylbutazone
|
Phenytoin toxicity
|
|
What is the result of the displacement of warfarin by clofibrate
|
haemorrhage
|
|
What is the result of the displacement of Tolbutamide
|
hypoglycaemia
|
|
give an example of uptake inhibition
|
The inhibition of he uptake into adrenergic nerves of bethanidine ,guanethidine and debrisoquine by the trycyclic antibiotics
|
|
What happens when the metabolisim of one drug is increased by another drug
|
The conc of drug in the blood drops and so dose its effect and duration of its effect
|
|
What dose and increase of drug metabolisim often cause an increase in ?
|
Endoplasmic reticulim in hepatocytes
|
|
What things in the diet might decrease the absorbtion of a drug
|
food in the stomach and dietary calcium
|
|
What in the diet might destroy the coating of a drug ?
|
Acidic drinks/food
|
|
What vitamin can decrease the effectiveness of some anticoagulant medications?
|
Vit K
|
|
What effect can sibutamine have on the appetite
|
Decrease it
|
|
What effect does orlistat hace on the absorption of fat ?
|
decrease it
|
|
What effect might laxatives have on nutritional absorption ?
|
Decrease it
|
|
What effect can antacids have in electrolyte absorption?
|
Decrease it
|
|
What effect can anticonvulsants have on folate absorbtion
|
decrease it
|
|
What effect can antibiotics have on the production of Vitamin K
|
decrease it
|
|
what effect can contraceptives have on the conc. of Vit B6 and folate in the body ?
|
decrease it
|
|
What drugs can increase the loss of nutrients
|
Diuretics and aspirin
|