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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Glucocorticosteroid Uses |
Rheumatoid arthritis polymyalgia rheumatica asthma temporal arteritis skin (eczema, psoriasis, dermatitis) |
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Glucocorticosteroid Side effects |
Cushing's disease osteoporosis immunosuppression |
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Common Glucocorticosteroids |
Prednisone -- asthma exacerbation Kenalog |
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Topical Steroids - most and least potent |
clobetasol (Temovate)-- most potent triaminocide (Kenalog) moderate hydrocortisone --least potent |
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Drugs that require eye exams |
Digoxin ethambutol corticosteroids fluroquinolones viagra, cialis, levitra accutane topamax |
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Thiazolidinediones TZDs safety warning |
Black Box- causes or exaccerbates CHF stop if: dyspnea, weight gain, cough (heart failure symptoms) |
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Drugs with high drug interactions |
macrolide erthromycin (Clarithromycin) antifungals (Ketonazole, Flucanazole) cisapride (Propulisol) cimetidine (Tagamet) citalopram (Celexa) |
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Warafin sodium (Coumadin ) drug interaction |
Bactrim (sulfa drugs) increase INR= increased bleeding risk |
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Azithromycin Side Effects |
feeling of nervousness insomnia decreased smell/ taste ringing in ears |
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Staphylococcus bugs (gram +) |
staphylococcus aureus (skin) MRSA staph saprophycitus (UTI, vaginal) staph epidermis |
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Thiazide diuretics uses |
uncomplicated hypertension - 1st line heart failure - 1st line edema hypertension with osteoporosis |
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Thiazide side effects |
hyperglycemia (care with DM) elevates triglycerides and LDL increased uric acid ( can cause gout) hypokalemia (muscle weakness, arrythmias) AVOID with sulfa allergies |
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Digoxin side effects |
anorexia nausea/ vomiting abdominal pain confusion visual changes severe toxicity treated with Digibind |
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Digoxin use |
treats A fib narrow therapeutic range |
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Potassium Sparing Diuretics |
triamterene (Dyrenium) amilordine (Midamor) Black Box: hyperkalemia (high risk renal, elderly, severly ill) monitor: serum potassium frequently avoid salt that contains potassium |
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Loop Diuretics uses |
furosemide (Lasix) - bumetadine (Bumex) edema heart failure cirrosis renal disease hypertension |
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Aldosterone Antagonist uses |
hirsuitism hypertension severe heart failure spironolactone (Aldactone) Black Box- malignant cancer / tumor, hyperkalemia |
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Alternative antibiotic for PCN allergic patient with gram + bacterial infections |
Macrolides azithromycin x 5 days (Zpack) clarithromycin (Biaxin) |
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Calcium Channel Blocker Uses |
amlodipine (Norvasc) dilatiazem (Cardizem) verapamil (Calan) treat: hypertension, Raynaud's Phenomenon contraindicated: AV block, bradycardia, CHF, macrolides, grapefuit |
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Beta Blockers Uses |
Treatment: hypertension, post MI (1st line), angina, arrythmia, migraine, prophylaxsis pronaolol, timolol contraindicated: asthma, COPD, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, bradycardia, AV block |
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ACE Inhibitor uses |
lisinopril, enalopril (Vasotec) treat: hypertension, diabetes, renal, chronic kidney disease Black box- second and third trimester |
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Alpha blockers uses |
terazosin (Hytrin) treats: hypertension with coexisting BPH |
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Initial treatment for COPD/ bronchitis |
1st- ipratropium bromide (Atrovent) anticholinergic 2nd- SABA (aluterol) if not better with first or both combined (Combivent) |
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Tetracycline uses |
doxycycline- 1st line chlamydia and atypical bacterial infection s tetracyclines- 1st line acne, roseao contraindicated: pregnancy, infancy, <8 yer (stains teeth) take 1 to 2 hours before meals decreases effectiveness of OCPs |
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Cephalosporin 1st generation |
cephalexin (Keflex) treats: pregnancy UTI, cellulitis, impetigo |
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Cephalosporin 2nd generation |
considered "broad spectrum" - gram + and - ceftin, ceclor, cefzil treat: sinusitis, otitis media, CAP, exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, AOM, skin infections |
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Cephalosporins 3rd generation |
cetriaxone (Rocephin) treat: gonorrhea, cervicitis, urethritis, PID, AOM in children, acute sinusisits, otitis media, pyelonephritis, CAP |
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Strep throat first line |
penicillin V PO QID |
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Otitis Media treatment F |
Amoxicillin |
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Finasteride |
Proscar treat BPH category x |
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Anticholinergic side effects |
SAD CUB S sedation A anorexia D dry mouth C confusion/ constipation U urinary retention B BPH |
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Anticoagulant: warfarin (Coumadin) |
treat: decrease emboli formation (stroe, afib, PE) Treat for INR between 5.0 - 9.0 (no bleeding) hold warafin 1-2 doses ; recheck INR q 2-3 days until stable |
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Statins contraindications |
lipitor, Mevacor, Crestor, Zocor grapefruit drug induced hepatitis if mixed with azole fungals |
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Atypical Antipsychotics |
Risperdal, Seroquel, Zyprexa black box: elderly |
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Streptococcus Gram + |
step pyogenes (throat)
step pneumoniae (lungs) step viridians ( dental , endocarditis) strep agalactiae (group B strept) |
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Sulfonamides |
Bactrim, Septra Gram - MRSA |
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Tetracyclines |
Gram - doxycycline (chlamydia), mincocycline (MRSA) |
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Penicillins |
Gram + |
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exteneded spectrum penicillins |
Augmentin gram + and gram - |
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Gram + Bugs |
staph: MRSA. MSSA stept:DRSP enterococcus |
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Gram - Bugs |
neisseria gonorrhea neisseria meningitis ecoli, shinguella, salmonelaa pasturella mycoplasm, H. flu legionella |
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Celiac disease diet |
lifetime avoidance of gluten (wheat, rye, barley, and oats) gluten free: rice, corn, potatoes peanuts, soy, meat dairy, vegetables |
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SSRI uses |
1st line for major depression, OCD, general anxiety, panic, social anxiety, PMDD fluoxetine (Prozac), paroextine (Paxil), Lexapro, Zoloft, Celexa Side effects: decrease libido, ED, anorexia, insomnia Black box: suicidal ideation <24 yrs |
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Fluquinolones |
-flaxacin noraflaxavin (Noroxin) ciprofloxacin (Cipro) levafloxacin (Levaquin ) --- step pneumonia tx Black box: Achilles rupture interations: amiadrone, TAs, antipsychotics |
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Clobetasol |
Temovate (topical steroid) |
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Ethambutol |
TB drug |
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topiramate |
Topamax (anticonvulsant) |
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Anticonvulsants |
phenytoin (Dilantin) topiramate (Topomax) |
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Anti- Parkinsonian drugs |
benztropine - Cogentin carbidopa, levodopa - Sinemet |
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cimetidine |
Tagamet H2 receptor agonist |
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Anticholinergic Side Effects |
Hot as a hare: increased temp Blind as a bat: mydriasis (dilated pupils) Dry as a bone: dry moutu, eyes, decreased sweat, urinary retention Red as a beat: flushed face Mad as a hatter: delirium |
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Common anticholinergics |
low potency antipsychotics bezotropine atropine antihistamines |
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leukotrene receptor antagonist used to treat chronic asthma |
montelukast (Singulair) |
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Foods high in Magnesium |
dried beans whole grains nuts |
