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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the most important quality of a drug?
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Effectiveness
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The 1st pass effect primarily affects the drug's...
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Metabolism- because the drug metabolizes in the liver
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What is true of selective toxicity in antimicrobials?
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Toxic to microbes and harmless to host
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Pharmacokinetics is..
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What the body does to the drug
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Half-life is..
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The time required for the drug in the body to decrease by 50%
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When comparing a drug with a strong attraction to albumin with a drug that has a weaker attraction, the distribution of the drug with a stronger attraction would be….
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Lower distribution- this is because albumin sucks up the drug
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Naloxone blocking the effects of morphine is an example of what?
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A beneficial inhibitory action
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What would be your first action after a medication error?
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Assess the patient and notify the prescriber.
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Use of drugs to diagnose, prevent or treat disease is known as?
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Pharmacotherapeutics
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Pharmacodynamics is..
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What the drug does to the body
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A low therapeutic index will require…
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Frequent patient monitoring because it has a small margin of error.
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A patient experiences nausea/vomiting with erythromycin and has been prescribed azithromycin. The nurse explains…
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Azithromycin has less severe GI side effects
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A peak level of vancomycin should be drawn...
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90 minutes after completing administration
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A patient is receiving Bactrim for a UTI. The nurse advises…
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Drink plenty of fluids (flush stuff out)
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A patient is taking warfarin and Bactrim, the nurse is more concerned about….
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Decreased warfarin effect. This is because the Bactrim is keeping the liver busy and the warfarin cannot attach to receptor area.
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2 hours after taking penicillin, a patient develops shortness of breath and uticaria (hives). What is the patient experiencing?
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Anaphylaxis
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We are using celecoxib to treat arthritis. A history of an allergy to which drug class would contraindicate use?
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Sulfa
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The nurse observes redness/heat at the IV site. The nurse should…
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Select an alternative site.
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After taking 3 weeks of antibiotics, the patients develops thrush of the mouth. In this case thrush is a…
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Suprainfection
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COX-2 Inhibitors increase the risk of...
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MI and stroke
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A pregnant teen wishes tetracycline for her acne. The nurse tells the teen…
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Tetracycline may harm your baby’s teeth and alternatives should be used.
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The patient is receiving a 10 day dose course of penicillin. What should you tell the patient?
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Complete 10 days of treatment, even if you are feeling better sooner than that.
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The difference between aspirin and cox inhibitors is….
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Aspirin inhinits cyclooxygenase irreversibly
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The nurse is concerned when her patient who is receiving gentamycin reports…
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Tinnitus- because this is the first sign of hearing impairment
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A feverish patient has been prescribed a broad spectrum antibiotic. The nurses priority is to…
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Obtain cultures prior to administering medication.
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The principle indication for use of non-aspirin NSAIDS is…
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Inflammation
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In contrast to barbiturates, the benzodiazepines:
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Have a built-in limit to the depth of CNS depression that they can produce.
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A patient is being treated in the emergency department for barbiturate toxicity. What four symptoms usually occur with barbiturate toxicity?
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Pinpoint pupils
Unresponsiveness Hypotension Respiratory depression |
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Aprazolam is prescribed for an adult with panic attacks. This drug works on which neurotransmitter?
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Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
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A patient has taken a benzodiazepine for 2 years. With which condition is tolerance to the agent likely to develop?
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Seizures
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Acetaminophen overdose is treated with what medication?
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Acetylcysteine (mucomist)
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A patient wakens at 1 AM after only sleeping 2 hours and is now becoming increasingly anxious, and requests a medication that will help him sleep, but not cause a hangover. The likely drug prescribed will be:
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Zaleplon
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Most barbiturates are considered nonselective CNS depressants. THE major exception is:
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Phenobarbital
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What is NOT an adverse reaction to morphine?
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Diarrhea
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The only benzodiazepam used to relieve muscle spasm is:
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Diazepam
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Barbituates should not be used in patients with:
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Suicidal tendencies
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The patient has had a thyroidectomy and takes tricyclic antidepressants. A possible nursing dx r/t medication interaction is?
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Risk for urinary retention
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Which benzodiazepine is preferred in the elderly because it is least likely to accumulate with repeated dosing?
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Lorazepam
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After receiving interventions to improve sleep, which of the following indicates that the interventions were effective?
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The patient reports an increased sense of feeling rested
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