Pharmacology 101

Front 1

Pharmacology

Back 1

Study of Drugs

Front 2

Drug

Back 2

a substance intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease and it is used to affect the structure or function of the body

Front 3

Pharmadynamics

Back 3

study of drugs action on living tissue

Front 4

Pharmacokineties

Back 4

study of drugs absorption, distribution. Metabolism & excretion

Hint 4

included drug half-life, blood drug levels, and bioavailability.

Front 5

Pharmacotherapeutics

Back 5

study of use of drugs in tx of disease

Front 6

posology

Back 6

Study of amt of drugs required to produce therapeutic effects

Front 7

pharmacy

Back 7

Science preparing and dispensing

Front 8

toxicology

Back 8

Study of a drugs harmful effects on living tissue

Front 9

Controlled substance

Back 9

Drug Classification

Front 10

OTC- class

Back 10

FDA determined safe for consumer use only

Front 11

Prescription- class

Back 11

FDA classifies as need a DR & pharmacist to dispense

Front 12

Controlled substance Act of 1970

Back 12

Controlled substances are regulated through the Federal Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970. Assigned 1-5 shedules based on medical usefulness and potential for abuse

Front 13

Schedule I

Back 13

high abuse potential and no accepted medical use

Front 14

contra-indications

Back 14

situations in which a certain drug should not be used. Some contraindications

Front 15

Drug indication

Back 15

indiction for use

Front 16

Pharmacology

Back 16

Study of Drugs

Front 17

Therapeutic effects

Back 17

Desired effect

Front 18

side effects

Back 18

other effects not intended

Front 19

Adverse Effects

Back 19

drugs are potentially harmful and include conditions, such as reversible or irreversible organ damage, bowel obstruction, heart attack, or stroke.

Hint 19

Ex. Thalidomide was labeled a teratogen in 1962.

Front 20

teratogens

Back 20

can cause birth defects if taken by a pregnant woman

Front 21

Drug allergy

Back 21

sensitized to a particular drug

Front 22

idiosyncrasy

Back 22

unusual & unexpected reaction to drug

Front 23

anaphylaxis

Back 23

shock

Front 24

Toxic Effects

Back 24

poisonous

Front 25

carcinogens

Back 25

cause cancers

Front 26

agonist

Back 26

bind to receptors to produce effects

Front 27

antagonist

Back 27

bind to receptors to block effects

Front 28

Site of action

Back 28

location of drugs therapeutic effects

Front 29

mechanism of action

Back 29

explains how a drug a produces its effect

Front 30

Dose

Back 30

amt of drug

Hint 30

dose that will produce an effect that is 50% maximal response

Front 31

Potency

Back 31

strength of drug

Front 32

ED50

Back 32

effective dose 50

Front 33

LD50

Back 33

lethal dose 50

Front 34

TI

Back 34

Therapeutic Index

Hint 34

Ex. Ti=LD50/ED50=1000mg/100mg=10mg

Front 35

receptor site

Back 35

location on certain cells where drug attachs

Front 36

binding

Back 36

attachment of drugs to receptors

Front 37

drug action

Back 37

binding starts a series of cell changes

Front 38

competative antagonism

Back 38

both antagonist and agonist bind to same receptors & adminstered together. Compete for the same receptor site.

Front 39

PO

Back 39

Oral

Hint 39

liquids, powders, tablets, and capsules. Liquids taken orally have a faster reaction time than solids.

Front 40

Half-life

Back 40

time it takes for the drug concentration to fall to half of the highest level it reached.

Hint 40

determined by the rate of drug metabolism and excretion

Front 41

Drug form

Back 41

Liquid, pill, powder, gas etc

Front 42

Route of entry

Back 42

Point of entry; mouth, eyes, ear, nasal, rectum, IM, IV, IC or vaginal

Front 43

Lipid solubility of the drug

Back 43

Drugs Absorbed through fat

Front 44

Plasma protein binding

Back 44

attach to protein in the blood

Front 45

Blood flow

Back 45

viscity

Front 46

Condition of the patient’s liver or kidneys

Back 46

damage to liver or kidney changes the absorption rate

Front 47

Rate of drug excretion

Back 47

speed of drug leaving body

Front 48

Bioavailability

Back 48

measure of how much of that drug is available to exert a pharmaceutical effect

Front 49

Schedule II

Back 49

Drugs with high abuse potential and accepted medical use.

Hint 49

Narcotics (morphine and pure codeine), cocaine, amphetamines, short-acting barbiturates; no refills without a new written prescription from the physician.

Front 50

Schedule III

Back 50

Drugs with moderate abuse potential and accepted medical use.

Hint 50

Moderate- and intermediate-acting barbiturates, glutethimide, preparations containing codeine plus another drug; prescription required, may be refilled five times in 6 months when authorized by the physician.

Front 51

Schedule IV

Back 51

Drugs with low abuse potential and accepted medical use.

Hint 51

Phenobarbital, chloral hydrate, antianxiety drugs (Librium, Valium); prescription required, may be refilled five times in 6 months when authorized by the physician.

Front 52

Schedule V

Back 52

Drugs with limited abuse potential and accepted medical use.

Hint 52

Narcotic drugs used in limited quantities for antitussive and antidiarrheal purposes; drugs can be sold only by a registered pharmacist; buyer must be 18 years old and show identification.

Front 53

promethazine

Back 53

phenergan

Hint 53

nausea

Front 54

Schedule I

Back 54

Drugs with high abuse potential and no accepted medical use.

Hint 54

Heroin, hallucinogens, marijuana; these drugs are not to be prescribed.

Front 55

Analgesics

Back 55

pain pills

Hint 55

headaches, muscle aches and pains

Front 56

Antacids

Back 56

indigestion

Hint 56

heartburn

Front 57

Antiarthritic

Back 57

rheumatism pills

Hint 57

rheumatoid arthritis

Front 58

Antibiotics

Back 58

bug killers

Hint 58

microbial infections

Front 59

Anticoagulants

Back 59

blood thinners

Hint 59

prevent blood clots

Front 60

Anticonvulsants

Back 60

epilepsy drugs

Hint 60

prevent seizures

Front 61

NSAIDs

Back 61

Reduces inflammation

Hint 61

Ibuprofen (also analgesic) Advil ®

Front 62

Antidepressants

Back 62

uppers

Hint 62

relieve depression

Front 63

Antihistamines

Back 63

cold and flu pills

Hint 63

stops runny nose, wheezing and itchiness

Front 64

Antihyperlipidemics

Back 64

cholesterol pills

Hint 64

lowers cholesterol levels

Front 65

Antihypertensives

Back 65

blood pressure pills

Hint 65

lowers high blood pressure

Front 66

Anti-inflammatory (corticosteroids)

Back 66

Reduces inflammation

Hint 66

Prednisone

Front 67

Analgesic

Back 67

Reduces pain

Hint 67

Aspirin

Front 68

Cardiac drugs

Back 68

heart medicine

Hint 68

treats abnormal heart rhythms, heart failure, angina pain

Front 69

Diuretics

Back 69

water pills

Hint 69

lowers high blood pressure, treat congestive heart

Front 70

Erectile Dysfunction

Back 70

man’s best friend

Hint 70

impotency

Front 71

Hypnotics

Back 71

sleeping pills

Hint 71

insomnia

Front 72

Hypoglycemic agents

Back 72

diabetic drugs

Hint 72

lowers high blood sugar

Front 73

Muscle relaxant

Back 73

Reduces stiffness

Hint 73

Carisoprodol

Front 74

Osteoporosis therapy

Back 74

mom’s bone pills

Hint 74

strengthens bones

Front 75

Tranquilizers

Back 75

downers

Hint 75

anxiety