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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Permeation depend on? |
1. solubility (lipid) 2.Conec. Gradient (only free,unionized forms of drugs) 3. Surface area & vascularity |
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Many drugs are weak acids and weak bases and exist either in ionized or non ionized forms depending on? |
pH and pM a of enviromemt |
Ionized= water soluble (excreted) Nonionized=lipid soluble ( absorbed ) |
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Examples of weak acid and weak base drugs? |
Weak acid = as a,penicillin, cephalosporins,loop and thiazide diuretics Weak bases = morphine, local anesthetics,amphetamines , pcp |
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Discuss the graph? |
Below pKa are acidic and above it basic envt |
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pKa clarify? |
Acidic drug more absorbed in more acidic envt |
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Ionization increases renal clearance of drugs 1.Acidification of urine? 2.Alklinization of urine? |
1. Increase ionization of weak bases =Increase renal elimination 2. Increase ionization of weak acids = increase renal elimination |
To change urinary pH . Acidify: NH4Cl, vitamin c, cranberry juice . Alkalinize: NaHCO3,acetazolamide ( decrease bicarbonate excretion ) |
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Iv does not involve? |
Absorption |
Fastest rout of absorption = inhalation |
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Bioavailability |
How much of the dise gets into the blood |
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Discuss lag time, Cmx,duration of action and mec |
Absorption Time to peak Elimination |
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Bioavailability |
F= fraction |
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