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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Arrythmia
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any disorder of rate, impulse formation, or conduction in the heart.
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80
50 |
Highly lethal arrythmias have ___ % mortality in the first year if not treated; ___ % mortality with treatment.
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Bradycardia
Tachycardia Flutter Fibrillation A-V block P.V.C. (premature ventricular contraction) |
What are the 6 common arrythmic disorders?
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P.V.C. (premature ventricular contraction)
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If 1 _____/hr increased mortality risk; If 10 _____/hr see 20% mortality the first year.
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Quinidine
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prototype antiarrythmic drug
org. for malaria dangerous, but effective. chiefly a cardiac depressant |
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antiarrythmic
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What kind of drug is Quinidine?
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malaria
cardiac depressant |
QUINIDINE
prototype antiarrythmic drug org. for _________ dangerous, but effective. chiefly a _______ _________ |
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cardiac depressant
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decreased excitability, conduction velocity, and contractility; appears more effective on His & Purkinje than on SA node. Prolongs effective refractory period. (good)
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anticholinergic
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atropine-like
action on AV node so prevents cardiac slowing with muscarinic drugs. DANGER when used to treat flutter or fibrillation b/c atrial flutter may be transmitted to ventricles. |
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cardiac depressant
anticholinergic |
What are the mechanisms of action for quinidine?
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AV
muscarinic ventricles |
anticholinergic
atropine-like action on ___ node so prevents cardiac slowing with ________ drugs. DANGER when used to treat flutter or fibrillation b/c atrial flutter may be transmitted to _________. |
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1. atrial fibrillation
2. atrial flutter 3. ventricular tachycardia 4. premature systoles |
What are the therapeutic uses for Quinidine?
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atrial fibrillation
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therapeutic use (quinidine)
converts to normal sinus rhythm hospital setting electrical conversion more commonly used than drug sometimes used to prevent reoccurance of fibrillation |
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when digitalis fails to work
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When is quinidine used to treat atrial flutter?
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ventricular tachycardia
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common complication of myocardial infarction
electroshock also used experimentally, automatic implantable defibrillators have been tried with some success Lidocaine used in hospitals if episodes repeatedly occur |
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premature systoles
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aka PVC
usually only treat if think will lead to more serious arrythmias (tachycardia, flutter, fibrillation) |
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cinchonism
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What are the side or toxic effects of quinidine?
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aspirin
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cinchonism has the same symptoms that may be found in _______ poisoning.
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GI: nausea extremely common
Ears: ringing Eyes: blurred vision CNS: nothing |
What are the MILD SYMPTOMS of cinchonism for quinidine? (GI, Ears, Eyes, CNS)
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GI: vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain
Ears: decreased hearing Eyes: night blindness CNS: headache |
What are the more toxic SYMPTOMS of cinchonism for quinidine? (GI, Ears, Eyes, CNS)
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low BP, respiratory depression, respiratory arrest, and low temp
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What are the most toxic signs of cinchonism for quinidine?
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1. complete AV block
2. cardiac failure 3. allergy to drug or idiosyncracy does occur 4. due to anticholinergic properties: caution: glaucoma, urinary retention 5. Serum potassium must be normal (hypokalemia decreases drug effectiveness, hyperkalemia increases it) |
What are the contraindication or cautions for quinidine?
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complete
allergy glaucoma normal |
1. ________ AV block
2. cardiac failure 3. ________ to drug or idiosyncracy does occur 4. due to anticholinergic properties: caution: ________, urinary retention 5. Serum potassium must be ______(hypokalemia decreases drug effectiveness, hyperkalemia increases it) |
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Quinidine
Lidocaine Beta blockers Ca++ channel blockers |
What are the antiarrythmic drugs that we need to know?
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