Pharm Exam 1-3

Front 1

ketoconazole inhibition of a 3A4 metobiled drug is what type of drug-drug interation

Back 1

pharmacokinetics

Front 2

required for excretion of toxic acetaminophen metabolit

Back 2

glutathione

Front 3

a drug that blocks a heroin overdose?

Back 3

naloxone

Front 4

programmed cell death

Back 4

apoptosis

Front 5

a sign of immune-complex disease

Back 5

cutaneous vasculitis

Front 6

database of national library of medicine

Back 6

pubmed

Front 7

result of penicillin hypersensitivity

Back 7

urticaria

Front 8

abbreciation for a genetic variation that occurs at a single nucleotide

Back 8

SNP

Front 9

ginkgo biloba is a..

Back 9

herb

Front 10

type of medicine that is the goal of pharmacogenetics...

Back 10

individualized

Front 11

a published compendium of drug product labels also available online

Back 11

PDR

Front 12

a drug that exhibits an interaction between pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic type of genetic variation

Back 12

warfarin

Front 13

uncontroled cell death resulting in attraction of inflammatory cells

Back 13

necrosis

Front 14

cancer agents that cause neurotoxicity frequently interfere with this cellular component

Back 14

microtubules

Front 15

a drug that is an antagonist in the breast cancer but an agonist in the endometrium (uterine cancer)

Back 15

tamoxifen

Front 16

an adverse effect of many drugs taken during pregnancy

Back 16

teratogenesis

Front 17

a class of drugs that somtimes causes myopathy due to a SNP

Back 17

statins

Front 18

sildenafil and nitroglycerin leading hypotensive crisis is an example of this type of drug-drug interaction

Back 18

pharmacodynamics

Front 19

prolonged glucocorticoid admin results in wasting of this type of tissue

Back 19

muscle

Front 20

the study of the role of inheritance in variation in drug response

Back 20

pharmacogenomics

Front 21

reslts of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity

Back 21

hemolysis

Front 22

an adverse drug reaction of unknown cause

Back 22

idiosyncratic

Front 23

ginko biloba and NSAIDS inhibit the aggregation of..

Back 23

platelets

Front 24

a drug that blocks valium overdose

Back 24

flumazenil

Front 25

exacerbated when patient takes asprin

Back 25

asthma

Front 26

lb converted to Kg

Back 26

2.2 lb = 1 kg

Front 27

elimination 1/2 = ?

Back 27

.693 x Vd / clearance

Front 28

maintenance dose = ?

Back 28

steady state concentration x clearance

Front 29

loading dose = ?

Back 29

desired plasma concentration x Volume of distribution

Front 30

Volume of distribution = ?

Back 30

total drug given / plasma concentration

Front 31

initial concentration =

Back 31

loading dose / volume of distribution

Front 32

what can you do with knowledge of Volume of distribution for a given drug?

Back 32

calculate a reasonable loading dose

Front 33

what is the time needed to reach optimal drug blood level during constant rate infusion?

Back 33

independent of the rate of infusion
dependent on the half life

Front 34

volume of distribution?

Back 34

a mathematical relationship between total amount of drug in the body and the concentration of drug in the blood

Front 35

chart: if you are taking a substrate drug and you take another substrate drug what happens

Back 35

they compete for binding

Front 36

chart: if you are taking a substrate drug and you take an inhibitor drug

Back 36

the inhibitor drug will block the metabolism of the substrate drug. and the substrate drug will increase in blood concentration (cause its breakdown is blocked)

Front 37

chart: if you are taking a substrate drug and you take a inducer drug what happens

Back 37

the inducer will cause a increase in metabolism of the substrate drug. resulting in a decrease in blood concentration

Front 38

enzymes are saturated in _____ order elimination

Back 38

zero order

Front 39

steady state concentration is when?

Back 39

rate of input = out put.

will take 4 half lifes to reach concentration steady state

Front 40

why can apparent volume be higher then actual volume?

Back 40

cause when you calculate the apparent volume you are calculating how much volume that drug must be in to be that concentration that was measured. but since some drug is lost to distribution... the apparent volume measured is actually higher saying that the drug is diluted in more volume then it realy is. cause the volume isnt raised its actually the mass of drug that is lost

Front 41

the ability of a drug to harm depends on 3 things

Back 41

genetics, dose, other drugs patient is taking

Front 42

intended tissue on target source of drug toxicity?

Back 42

when you have a dose thats too high
can cause chronic activation or inhibition

Front 43

intended tissue off target source of drug toxicity?

Back 43

incorrect receptor is activated or inhibited by a drug

Front 44

unintended tissue on target source of drug toxicity?

Back 44

correct receptor but in the wrong tissue.
dose too high, can cause chronic activation or inhibition

Front 45

unintended tissue off target source of drug toxicity?

Back 45

incorrect receptor on incorrect tissue is activated

Front 46

pharmacokinetic drug drug interaction (what the body does to the drug)

Back 46

ketoconazole

Front 47

pharmacokinetic drug drug interaction?

Back 47

what the body does to the drug. this is an effected metabolism or elimination

Front 48

pharmacodynamic drug drug interaction?

Back 48

what the drug does to the body this refers to action at receptors

Front 49

ketoconazole is a potent inhibitor of 3a4 this is a problem when..

Back 49

another drug taken is metabolised by 3A4 , when you mix them the drug isnt metabolized and rises to toxic levels

Front 50

pharmycodynamic drug-drug interaction example? with sildenafil (erectile drug)

Back 50

sildenafil increases cGMP when thats used and you add something like nitroclycerin who does the same thing... you can cause severe dilation and hypotension

Front 51

apoptosis benefit?

Back 51

damaged cells are eliminated without damage to the surrounding tissue.

Front 52

allergic reaction is what type of hypersensitivity

Back 52

I

Front 53

hemolysis is what type of hypersensitivity

Back 53

2 antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity

Front 54

what type of hypersensitivity is drug-antibody reaction

Back 54

what type of 3 immune complex disease

Front 55

what type of hypersensitivity is cell mediated

Back 55

4 delayed hypersensitivity

Front 56

acetaminophen metabolism results in..

Back 56

a toxin metabolite that can only be broken down when mixed with glutathione.

Front 57

alcoholism effects what metabolism pathway?

Back 57

that of glutathione, the toxic metabolite of acetaminophen accumulates and causes necrotic hepatic damage

Front 58

if some one over doses on acetaminohen what are they given to increase glutathione

Back 58

NAC N- acetylcysteine

Front 59

drug induced renal toxicity cause by ______. they will cause specifically a nephrontoxicity

Back 59

NSAIDS

Front 60

What can be used to surpress the immune system... but also..

Back 60

oral glucocorticoids but it also mobolizes glucose and contributes to wasting

Front 61

how to treat someone with a drug induced toxcity

Back 61

agonist, reduce or eliminate drug, alter metabolism of the drug

Front 62

______ is the possibility that knowledge of a pateints dna seq. could be used to enhance pharmacotherapy

Back 62

pharmacogenetics

Front 63

enzyme with genetic polymorphisms resulting in differences in drug metabolism.. this can lead to

Back 63

cyp 2d6

toxic drug concentrations or alter the production of active or toxic metabolites

Front 64

why is it difficult to predict warfarin loading does

Back 64

because of genetic variations in both the drug receptor and the drug metabolism

Front 65

SNP can be used to predict who..

Back 65

will have altered metabolism of statins (which causes increasing the frequency of statin induce myopathy)