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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors MOA
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The triphosphate analogs interfere with and inhibit reverse transcriptase, making it impossible for the virus to make DNA from its RNA
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Name the NRTI's
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Didanosine, Lamivudine, Tenofovir, Zidovudine, Emtricitabine
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MOA of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
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Direct inhibition of reverse trancriptase
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Name the drugs in the NNRTI's
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Efavirenz and Nevirapine
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MOA of Protease inhibitors
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Inhibition of protease; prevents the viral protein products from being cleaved to form functional structures
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You see a drug that ends in -navir -- what class of drug does this belong?
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Protease inhibitors
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Name the protease inhibitors?
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Ritonavir, Atazanavir, Darunavir, Indinavir, and Nelfinavir
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Name the fusion inhibitor?
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Enfuvirtide
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MOA of Enfuvirtide
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Prevents fusion of the HIV virus particle with the outer membrane of the host target cell, preventing infection of the cell by the virus. Binds to the gp41 on the virus preventing the fusion event.
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MOA of Integrase inhibitors
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Inhibition of HIV-1 integrase preventing integration and insertion of HIV DNA into human DNA
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Name the Integrase Inhibitor
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Raltegravir
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MOA of CCR5 antagonists
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work to block the CCR5 co receptor located on white blood cells targeted by HIV thereby preventing viral entry into the cell.
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Adverse effects of CCR5 antagonists?
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Hepatotoxic, increase the risk for infections and malignancies, systemic allergic reactions and cause cardiovascular events such as MI
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Name the CCR5 antagonist?
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Maraviroc
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What is the goal in HIV treatment?
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Inhibit viral replication, thereby permitting re-establishment of an effective immune system. Also, inhibition of viral rplication will also reduce viral load, decreasing the number of viral particles exposed to the drug and therefoe decrease development of drug resistant mutants
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When should HIV therapy be started?
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Anyone who is HIV (+) with AIDS defining illness (opportunistic infections, HIV complicating infections or AIDS associated cancer)
HIV positive patient with a CD4 count <350 cells/microliter HIV positive patient with HIV associated nephropathy HIV positive patient with current HBV infection HIV positive patient who is pregnant |
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What combinations are used in HIV therapy?
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2 NRTIs + (1 NNRTI OR 1 boosted protease inhibitor OR 1 integrase inhibitor OR CCR5 antagonist)
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Name the specific regimen and drugs recommended for pregnant HIV positive patient
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2 NRTI's + 1 PI
Lopinavir, Zidovudine, and Lamivudine |
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HIV prophylaxis?
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Daily pharmacologic regimen of Tenofovir and Emtribtabine
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