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49 Cards in this Set
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- Back
Bethanechol
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Class: choline esters, direct agonist
Use: atonic intestine, urinary retention, reflux esophagitis Target: m3AChR most frequently used Action: muscarinic at therapeutic doses |
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Methacholine
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Class: choline esters, direct agonist
Use: atonic intestine, urinary retention, reflux esophagitis Target: m3AChRAction: muscarinic at therapeutic doses |
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Carbechol
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Class: choline esters, direct agonist
Use: atonic intestine, urinary retention, reflux esophagitis Target: m3AChR Action: muscarinic at therapeutic doses |
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Pilocarpine
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Class: cholinergic alkaloids
Use: glaucoma Action: contract ciliary muscle SE: pupil constriction, increased GI motility, diarrhea |
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Muscarine
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Class: cholinergic alkaloids
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Arecoline
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Class: cholinergic alkaloids
Use: glaucoma SE: betl nut poison |
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Neostigmine
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Class: reversible carbamates, indirect agonists
Use: atonic bladder, glaucoma, competitive NM blocker, adjunt in anesthesia, LT Tx of MG Longer Duration Action: indirect agnoist with nicotinic nad muscarinic effects SE: tremors, restlessness, anxiety, coma |
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Physostigmine
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Class: reversible carbamates, indirect agonists
Use: atonic bladder, glaucoma, competitive NM blocker, adjunt in anesthesia, LT Tx of MG Target: treat atropine poisoning, tricyclic antidepressants, heriditary ataxias Action: indirect agnoist with nicotinic nad muscarinic effects SE: tremors, restlessness, anxiety, coma |
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Edrophonium
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Dx of MG
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Pyrodostigmine
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used with atrophine
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Diisoprophylphoorofluoridate
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Class: irreversible (organophosphorus), cross BBB
Use: glaucoma SE: death due to paralysis of diaphragm |
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Parathion, malathion
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Class: irreversible (organophosphorus), cross BBB
Use: insecticides SE: death due to paralysis of diaphragm |
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Sorman/Sarin
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Class: irreversible (organophosphorus), cross BBB
Use: nerve gas SE: death due to paralysis of diaphragm |
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Trating OP poisoning
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pralidaxoine: reversible AChE inhibitors
Atropine: combats Sx |
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Effects of cholinergic agonists
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decrease HR, lower BP, miosis, diaphoretic, increase HCl seretion in stomach, increase GI motility, sphincter relaxation, induce micturation, CNS arousal
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Atropine
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Class: muscarinic blockers, anti-muscarinics, Belladonna alkaloids
Indication: pupil dilator exam, tx for nerve gas/insectiside, acute bradycardia (IV) Action: counteracts organophosphate poisoning |
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Scopolamine
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Class: muscarinic blockers, anti-muscarinics, Belladonna alkaloids
Tx: motion sickness SE: crosses BBB |
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Atropine + Scopolamine
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Class: muscarinic blockers, anti-muscarinics, Belladonna alkaloids
Use: pre-anesthesia to reduce salivation |
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Methscopolamine
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Class: Cholinergic antagonist, synthetic analogs
Use: acute brady arrythmia, acute MI, bronchodilator, pupil dilator, prevent motion sickness, Tx of paraplegics with incontinence, parkinson tremor |
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Dicyclomine, glycopyrrolate, methantheline, propantheline
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Class: Cholinergic antagonist, synthetic analogs
Use: GI ulcers and colitis, Glyco only treats ulcers |
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Ipratropium
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Use: same as pamine
Action: bronchodilator antagonizing parasympathetic mediated bronchoconstriction |
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General effects of muscarinic antagonists
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mydriasis, reduces sweat, reduce GI motility, increase HR, bronchodilation and reduce secretions, drowsiness and hallucination
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Trimethaphan
Mecamylamine Hexamethonium |
Class: ganglionic blockers
Use: acute HTN, pul edema, sub-arrachnoid hemorrhage, venodialatory effects IV |
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Adrenergic Agonists
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Use: acute HF, type I hypersensitivity (shock), hemostatic with local anesthetics
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EPI, Isoproterenol
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Class: beta agonist
Indication: cardiac stimulant, bronchodilator S/I: contraindicated in diabetics |
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Dobutamine
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Class: beta agonist
Use: cardio emergency Target: beta-1 |
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Metaproterenol
terbutaline albuterol isoetharine fenoterol ritodrine salmeterol |
Class: beta agonist
Use: bronchodilator in asthmatics, may inhibit inflammatory mediator release Target: beta-2 |
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Epinephrine
Ephedrine Metaraminol Methoxamine |
Class: alpha agonist
Use: increase BP |
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Mephenteramine
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Class: alpha agonist
Use: increase BP and decongestant |
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NE
Phenylephrine Pseudoephedrine |
alpha-agonist
decongestant |
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Tetrhydrozoline
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Class: alpha agnoist
Use: ophthalamic decongestant |
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Clonidine
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Class: alpha-2 specific
Use: treat HTN Target: presynaptic alpha-2 receptor agonist Action: antagonist to symphathetic Fxn by decreaseing NE release SE: fluid absorption, decrease NaCl |
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d-amphetamine
metamphetamine |
Class: indirect agonist, alphaR
indication: shock, hypotension during anesthesia target: depletors of NE from CNS, stimulate resp center action: alertness, wakefullness, decrease fatigue, elation SE: restlessness, dizziness, termors, irritaion, insomnia Chronic SE: dependence and tolerance |
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Beta blockers
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indication: vasodilation
Target: blockade of SNS flow from CNS, suppression of NE release, blockade of post-synaptic receptors |
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Prazosin
Terazosin |
Class: alpha1 blocker, adrenergic antagonist
Use: HTN Target: alpha-1 |
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Doxazosin
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Class: alpha1 blocker, adrenergic antagonist
Use: HTN, benign prostate hyperplasia Target: slpha1 |
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Phentolamine
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Class: alpha1 blocker, adrenergic antagonist
Use: dx pheocromocytoma Target: alpha1 |
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Yohimbine
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Class: alpha1 blocker, adrenergic antagonist
Use: male impotence Target: alpha2 |
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Clonidine
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Sympathetic blocker
Use: vasodilator (CNS) Target: presynaptic alpha2 Action: antagnoist to sympathetic Fxn by decreasing NE/Epi release |
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Propranolol
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Class: general beta blocker
Use: HTN, ventricular arrhythmias, migraine Target: beta1, beta2 Contra: diabetes |
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Labetalol
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beta blocker
use: HTN Target: beta1, beta2 |
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Nadolol
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Class: beta blockers
Use: HTN, angina Target: beta1, beta2 |
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Pindolol
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Class: beta blocker
Use: HTN Target: beta1, beta2 |
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Timolol
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Class: beta blockers
Target: beta1, beta2 Use: HTN, post MI |
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Atenolol
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Class: beta1 blockers
Use: HTN, angina |
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Acebutolol
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Class: beta1 blockers
Use: HTN |
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Bisoprolol
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Class: beta1 blockers
Use: ventric arrhythmias |
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Esmolol
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Class: beta1 blockers
Use: HTN, supraventricular tachycardia |
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Metoprolol
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Class: beta1 blockers
Use: tachycardia, HTN, angina |