Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Anticoagulants |
Heparin, Wararin (coumadin), dibigatran (pradaxa) |
|
|
Antiplatelets |
Aspirin, clopidogrel (plavix) |
|
|
Thrombolytics |
Altepase (Activase), reteplase (retavase) |
|
|
anticoagulant drugs |
prevent or slow the formation of clots esp given for venous thrombis (not arterial)
two actions: 1. clotting Factor synthesis inhibitor 2. thrombin inhibitors |
|
|
Heparin (unfractionated) |
**drug of choice for rapid anticoagulant therapy. effects wear off really fast. ex. IV drips, can be given subQ -enhances the activity antithrombin -administered by injection only. -rapid onset -important to be exact on your doses. **high alert drug and administered in units. -can cause a risk for hemorrhage. |
|
|
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia
heparin allergy. |
develops when a person has very low platelets low platelets but begins to clot causing purple fingers.
Argatroban is the anticoagulant of choice for this |
|
|
Protamine Sulfate |
antidote for heparin. |
|
|
low-molecular-weight Heparin |
Enoxaparin (Lovenox) **first line drug to prevent DVTs also given to patients with unstable angina or MI. to prevent ischemic complications. Give SubQ. antidote=protamine sulfate -easier to use and given at home. |
|
|
direct thrombin inhibitors |
Dabigatran Etexilate (pradax) Apixaban (Eliquis) Bivalirudin ( Angiomax) Argatroban |
|
|
Dabigatran Etexilate (Pradaxa) |
used for pt. with A. fib. advantages=less risk for adverse interactions extremely expensive
|
|
|
Bivalirudin (Angiomax) |
prevents clot formation combined with aspirin in pts with unstable agina who are undergoing coronary angioplasty. runs 4-6hr. afte procedure |
|
|
Argatroban |
anticoagulant for HIT. |
|
|
Warfarin (coumadin) |
oral anticoagulant with delayed onset not useful in emergencies, not as good as direct thrombin inhibitors in pt. with prostetic heart valves helps with venous thrombis (not arterial) helps with a. fib.
PT and INR therapuetic range= 2-3 do not administer if INR is >5 adverse effects= hemorrhage from toxicity (treat with vit K) and skin necrosis. |
|
|
Warfarin |
interacts with alot of drugs: heparin: stay on until INR and PT are in therapuetic range Aspirin: do not take unless ordered
antedote=vit. K |
|
|
antiplatelet drugs ex. aspirin and Plavex |
block platelet aggregation for arterial thrombis prevention intended response= ischemic stroke, post MI, TIA, coronary artery disease, 6 wk after stent placement.
side effects: bleeding, upset stomach, monitor for allergic rx. and rash.
adverse effects: hemorrhage (life-threatening) allergic reactions, Tinnnitis of salicylate poisoning (aspirin)
|
|
|
antiplatelet drugs |
check before if they have an allergy to NSAIDS or aspirin and their labs
check platelet count after
take with meals to decrease nausea, treatment may be life long., avoid OTC aspirin and NSAIDs, avoid alcohol (increases the risk of stomach bleeding.) |
|
|
thrombolytic drugs |
given to treat thrombus that has already formed. "clot buster" not preventative used only for sever thrombotic event: used alot for acute stroke, only a short period of time they can be used during stroke because it can completely reverse the stroke.
adverse effect=bleeding, monitor IVs, recent wounds/surgeries, delivery of baby. |
|
|
thromboylitic drugs |
in pregnancies this drug can cause chance of miscarriage if given during the first 5 months.
contraidicated if mother has given birth within the past 24 hrs. |
|
|
Colony-stimulating factors |
intended response: helpts pt. who aren't able to clot blood be able to clot. Ex. renal failure and chemo pt.
side effects: more viscous blood may raise BP, increase clot formation, slow movement through small vesselts.
adverse effects: HTN, blood clots, stroke, heart attack ; increase growth of certain cancers.
before giving: platelet count >50, 000 or hemoglobin >12 notify HCP becuz giving could increase clot formation leading to stroke.
teach to report weight gain > 2lbs. in 24hr., signs of abdominal cramping, ER for signs of heart attack or stroke, self injection teaching. |
