Pha 320 Exam 2

Front 1

Preparation for an interview

Back 1

cognitive prep, attitude prep, environmental prep

Front 2

Cognitive Preparation

Back 2

know what info you are after, review medication profile or any info available about patient demographics

Front 3

Attitude Preparation

Back 3

approach patient with a positive, helpful demeanor, attitude of concern, consideration. consider their need for privacy

Front 4

Environmental Preparation

Back 4

eliminate barriers and distractions, establish "psychological privacy", don't blind patient with lights shining at them

Front 5

Components of patient assessment in conducting an interview/medication history

Back 5

1.prepare for the interview
2.greet the patient
3.ask open questions and follow the patient's lead
4.ask direct questions to fill in the details
5.use transition statements
6.close the interview

Front 6

Steps in greeting a patient

Back 6

make eye contact, call patient by name, identify yourself, the purpose, length of interview, get permission to proceed

Front 7

How can you encourage more detail from the patient?

Back 7

repeat the patient's words, ask open questions, clarify, reflect, ask about feelings, use empathic responses

Front 8

When do you confront a patient?

Back 8

when their story is inconsistent

Front 9

What kind of questions should be avoided at all times?

Back 9

leading questions

Front 10

What are the steps in closing an interview?

Back 10

prepare the patient for closure, ask if they have questions, make it clear what to expect next, summarize briefly, thank the patient, restore furniture if necessary

Front 11

How do you approach a resistant or noncompliant patient?

Back 11

focus on building rapport and presenting yourself as someone to trust, reinforce importance of compliance

Front 12

Why is interview preparation important?

Back 12

to be familiar with the patient and have an idea of any problems or challenges the patient might have

Front 13

Why is the way you greet the patient important?

Back 13

starts the interview off right "first impression", communicate respect, courtesy, conviction

Front 14

Why is it important to ask open questions?

Back 14

it allows the patient to open up and discuss info you are after

Front 15

Passive

Back 15

behavior that allows your rights to be infringed on and your desires ignored. passive people don't respect themselves

Front 16

aggressive

Back 16

expressing your ideas,opinions, and wants in a way that violates the rights and feelings of others, puts others down or "one ups" them

Front 17

assertive

Back 17

direct, honest, appropriate expression of opinions, ideas, wants in a way that allows you to stand up for your own rights without infringing on the rights of others

Front 18

3 parts to the empathic assertive contract

Back 18

1. empathy "I can understand..."
2. your feelings/
rights/opinions
3. contract:expectations of them. limits of what you will/willnot do

Front 19

What are the 12 types of assertiveness skills?

Back 19

empathic assertive contract, broken record, fogging, negative inquiry, repeating back, negative assertion, reversal, workable compromise, sorting issues, disarming anger/anger starvation, clipping, selective ignoring

Front 20

What is fogging?

Back 20

acknowledging possible/partial truth but ignoring judgments to maintain political correctness

Front 21

What is negative inquiry?

Back 21

turning criticism into useful feedback by requesting more information about it.

Front 22

What is negative assertion?

Back 22

accepting criticism in an adult manner when it is realistic

Front 23

sorting issues

Back 23

isolating the real issue/complaint

Front 24

reversal

Back 24

to pin a person down when a clear yes or no answer is not given "are you saying no?"

Front 25

workable compromise

Back 25

suggesting an option that is more to your liking instead of what the other person wanted (like flipping)

Front 26

disarming anger/anger starvation

Back 26

useful protective technique especially if anger borders on violence (I will discuss this only if you stop shouting..)

Front 27

clipping

Back 27

use a short phrase that doesn't invite a response (useful when your rights are being abused)

Front 28

How can displaced anger be dealt with?

Back 28

acknowledge, don't placate or attack

Front 29

How can situational anger be dealt with?

Back 29

listen, show empathy. admit mistake if anger is caused by something you did/didn't do. agree when appropriate. isolate real problem/complaint. overcome problem, offer options

Front 30

How can characterological anger be dealt with?

Back 30

be authoritative, don't give an inch, don't show empathy, cut your losses

Front 31

What is the purpose and importance of "I" statements?

Back 31

they cause us to take responsibility for our ideas, thoughts, and feelings.

Front 32

When are "I" statements helpful?

Back 32

to de-escalate conflict ("you" statements escalate conflict)

Front 33

3 win-lose conflict management strategies

Back 33

competing, accommodating, dominating

Front 34

2 lose-lose conflict management strategies

Back 34

avoidance, compromise

Front 35

4 causes of conflict

Back 35

lack of awareness, incompatible goals, scarce resources, dependence, values

Front 36

dominating type

Back 36

low level of cooperativeness and high level of aggression

Front 37

accommodating type

Back 37

low desire to satisfy one's own concerns, high desire to satisfy the concerns of the other party, need to be accepted

Front 38

competing type

Back 38

high desire to satisfy own needs, low desire to satisfy concerns of other party, focuses on person and not problem

Front 39

avoidance type

Back 39

low level of cooperativeness and assertiveness, sidestepping disagreement and tension

Front 40

compromise type

Back 40

moderate desire to satisfy own needs, moderate desire to satisfy concerns of other party, neither party completely satisfied by outcome

Front 41

win-win conflict management strategies

Back 41

use problem solving skills

Front 42

Strategies for overcoming resistance to change

Back 42

education, communication, participation, problem solving

Front 43

Effective rules for giving feedback

Back 43

1.be descriptive not judgemental 2.be specific not judgemental 3.deal with things that can be changed 4.give when someone is willing to listen and desires feedback 5.consider motives for giving feedback 6.give feedback at the time the behavior takes place if the receiver can handle it 7.give when its accuracy can be checked by others

Front 44

5 problem solving techniques

Back 44

1.identify the problem 2.identify all possible solutions 3.decide which solution is the best 4. decide how to implement the solution 5.assess the outcome of the solution

Front 45

5 stages of grief

Back 45

denial, anger, bargaining, depression,acceptance

Front 46

Stages of grieving the loss of health

Back 46

1. loss of function 2. loss of freedom 3. loss of control

Front 47

Behaviors related to the grieving-coping cycle related to chronic disease

Back 47

initiation: attitue=shock, action=denial
initial coping: attitude=acceptance, action=comply
long term: attitude=optimistic, action=adhere
grieving revisited: attitude=ambivalence,apathy, pessimism

Front 48

Adaptive long term coping

Back 48

patient is optimistic and engages in self-management of care

Front 49

Fragile long term coping

Back 49

grieving may be revisited

Front 50

Maladaptive long term coping

Back 50

patient uses illness-maintaining behavior to regulate personality/family conflict or other issues

Front 51

Which groups are at the highest risk for suicide?

Back 51

older white men (>85)
teens/young adults (15-24)
dentists and physicians
men are more successful at carrying out, woman attempt more

Front 52

Clues of potential suicide risk

Back 52

depression or unusual energy
verbal cues ("I can't take it anymore" etc.)
unusual requests or questions ("What would happen if I took.." etc.)
medication usage pattern-stockpiling medication

Front 53

Effectively intervening to prevent a tragedy

Back 53

1. question the patient and evaluate responses
2. identify serious risk
3. notify family members/physician. don't leave alone
4.withhold lethal amts. of meds
5.refer patient to help
6. if they have already taken meds instruct or give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation

Front 54

cultural competence as it relates to health care

Back 54

having the ability to provide care to patients with diverse values, beliefs, and behaviors. tailor care delivery to patient's social, cultural, linguistic needs

Front 55

basis of stereotypes

Back 55

1.religious beliefs 2.healing practices 3.home remedies and folk medicines 4.acceptance of diagnosis and prognosis 5.role of family in treatment and healing 6. faith in western medicine

Front 56

Personal sources of bias

Back 56

mainstream culture (american language, social institutions, technologies, values) and co-cultures (way of life among groups based on race/ethnicity, gender, age, profession, religion, social class, region of the country)

Front 57

ethnocentrism

Back 57

regarding ourselves or our way of life as superior

Front 58

LEARN

Back 58

listen, explain, acknowledge, recommend, negotiate

Front 59

What is the purpose of LEARN?

Back 59

build a treatment plan with patients rather than prescribe a treatment plan, higher adherence

Front 60

Levels of racism

Back 60

institutional racism, personally mediated racism, internalized racism

Front 61

institutional racism

Back 61

initial historical insult, structural barriers, inaction in the face of need, societal norms, biologic determinism, unearned privilige

Front 62

personally mediated racism

Back 62

intentional, unintentional, acts of commission, acts of omission, maintains structural barriers, condoned by societal norms

Front 63

internalized racism

Back 63

reflects system of privilige, reflects societal values, erodes individual sense of value, undermines collective action

Front 64

Steps to interacting with a physician when there is a potential problem

Back 64

1.never state the physician made a mistake/was negligent 2.concentrate on actual issue, be objective and factual 3.offer an alternative/alternatives
4.state that you will relay message to patient
5.be clear and concise, repeat back understanding of physician's resistance
6.thank physician