Persuasion Ch 2

Front 1

Ethical issues

Back 1

focus on value judgments concerning degrees if right and wrong, virtue and vice, and ethical obligations in human conduct

Front 2

responsibility

Back 2

includes the elements of fulfilling duties and obligations of being accountable to other individuals and groups, of adhering to agreed-upon standards

Front 3

freedom versus responsibility tension

Back 3

may occur when we, as individuals, carry to an extreme the now traditional view that the best test of the soundness of our ideas is their ability to survive in the free and open public marketplace of ideas.

Front 4

human nature perspectives

Back 4

asks what makes up fundamentally human
looks at unique characteristics of human nature which differentiate us from lower life forms, characteristics which we then use to determine and judge ethics
The underlying idea is that we need to protect that which makes us human, we need to hold ethics to a high standard because that is what elevates us from lower forms.

Front 5

political perspectives

Back 5

focuses on the implicit or explicit values and procedures accepted as crucial to the health and growth of a particular political system. We then use them to evaluate the ethics of persuasion

Front 6

situational perspectives

Back 6

focus regularly and primarily on the elements of the specific persuasive situation at hand.
Make judgments based on the context of persuasion, minimizes criteria from broad political, human nature, religious, etc perspectives, avoids absolute and universal standards

Front 7

legal perspective

Back 7

considers illegal comm behavior also is unethical, but that which is not specifically illegal is ethical. Legality and ethicality are considered synonymous

Front 8

dialogical perspectives

Back 8

emerges from current scholarship on the nature of comm as dialogue rather than as monologue.
From such perspectives, the attitudes of the participants in a comm situation have towards each other are an index of the ethical level of that comm
Comm as dialogue - has attitudes of honesty, trust, etc
Comm as monologue - has qualities of deception, superiority, judgmentalism, etc

Front 9

Platinum Rule

Back 9

Do unto others as they themselves would have done unto them

Front 10

lie VS deception

Back 10

lying - the intentional presentation in verbal and/or nonverbal form of a claim as true that we know to be false. All lies are deceptive.

deception - broader, and includes any intentional behavior that misleads, misinforms, or misdirects. Includes lying.

Front 11

propoganda

Back 11

Is it unethical??
Yes. It's inherently unethical.

Front 12

demagogue

Back 12

typically used to render a negative ethical judgment of a persuader.
1. wields popular or mass leadership over lots of people
2. exerts primary influence through the medium of he spoken word - whether through direct public speaking to an audience or radio, TV, internet...
3. relies heavily on propaganda defined in the negative sense of intentional use of suggestion, scapegoating, irrelevant emotional appeals, to bypass human rational decision-making processes
4. capitalizes on the availability of a major current social cause or problem

Front 13

ambiguous V vague

Back 13

ambiguous - language open to two or more legitimate terms

vague - language that lacks definition, explicitness

Front 14

moral exclusion

Back 14

occurs when individuals or groups are perceived as outside the boundary in which moral values, rules and considerations of fairness apply. Those who are outside the moral boundaries are seen as expendables, acceptable of being harmed

Front 15

invitational rhetoric

Back 15

invites the audience to enter the rhetor's world and to see it as the rhetor does. They don't judge or or denigrate others' perspectives, even if they differ dramatically from the rhetor's own. Creates an nonjudgemental framework to base interaction on.

Front 16

going viral

Back 16

rumors, controversial statements, or provocative photos or videos that are quickly picked up, spread and diffused through social network media

Front 17

moral character

Back 17

as human beings develop they adopt patterns of actions and dispositions to act in certain ways