Personality Psych

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developmental stages-erikson

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Trust vs. Distrust: 1st year of Life,
Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt: 2nd year psychological aspects of toilet training, too indulge look at life –shame and doubt
Initiative vs Guilty Functioning: ages 3-5 not too indulge or punished but if you are then late in life you say your not good at anything.
Industry vs Inferiority: ages 6-12, do things for yourself
Identity vs Role Diffusion: who am i? sense of myself, or am I just all over the place? Pattern of success and failure overall pattern. If you develop trust, autonomy, initivtaive, industry you will have abetter identity, vice versa
Intamacy vs Isolation: falling in love, best friend or feeling alone wanting to be alone
Generativity vs Stagnation: work, make babies be stagnant
Ego Integrity vs Despair : led life I had to lead, or be in despair hate life.

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periphery for erikso

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Not explicit, but may be assuming character types as combinations of traits from the eight stages of development
-not concrete description of lifestyle types

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what can happen to stages of development-erikson

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*positive or negative in that stage-ego psychologist , stages of development not all the ways up to genital stage then that makes you vulnerable to negative circumstances.

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intrapsychic version

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Both forces are in the individual.

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Otto RANK

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INTRAPSYCHIC -CONFLICT THEORY

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OTTORANK- CORE TENDENCY

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Minimizing fear of life and fear of death
Life is equivalent to the process of separation and individualization
Death: opposite union fusion and dependency.

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FEAR OF LIFE AND DEATH EX

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1.Fear of life: ex leave home to go to college, separate from people familiar and dear to you
-inherent tendency toward separation and individualization
2. Fear of death: ex when you thought you might stay home you experienced the prospect of failing to grow and develop further-> fear of death

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SOLUTION OF FEAR OF LIFE AND DEATH

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: minimize both fears by deciding to go to a college close by so that you could continue to live at home or by leaving to go to school determined to write and visit home frequently.

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THE WILL

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Organized sense of who and what one is that can help minimize fears of life and death.
-cant resolve completely but minimize fear of death and life.

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COUNTERWILL

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early beginnings of will)-begin to go against parents ways
Ex. Parents love you still @ least you are making a decision later in life you will have the will
Ex. But if parents react with negativeness to counterwill and say “Who do you think you are?”, result is that child may get stuck at counterwill.

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OTTO RANK NONIDEAL TYPE

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AVERAGE PERSON AND NEUROTIC

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AVERAGE PERSON

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PROTECT FROM FEAR OF LIFE. AVERAGE IS INFERIOR TO BOTH, CONFORMITY, DEPENDABILITY

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NEUROTIC PERSON

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Fixated @ counterwill , act either against people or completely separate from them.
-handicap comes from the child having been made to feel wrong and unworthy at the time when counterwill was occurring as a defensive self-justification.
*hostile, negative, arrogant, isionalistic, critical of others

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IDEAL TYPE FOR RANK

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ARTIST: person who accepts both fear of life and the fear of death.
-personal will will receive differentiation and integration.
-someone very artistic in the way he or she is living.

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CARL JUNG

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INTRAPSYCHIC-CONFLICT THEORY, ANALYTICAL PSYCH

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CORE TENDENCY: JUNG

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To attain SELFHOOD (a balance between the opposing core forces)*
-complete selfhood is an ideal virtually impossible to attain.
Behavior, psyche reek with conflict

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SELF FOR JUNG

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not a conscious sense of what one is or could be, totality of all conflicting characteristics of personality.

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CORE CHARACTERISTICS-JUNG

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Ego: (Conscious, individualistic mind) –complex combos of conscious perceptions, thoughts, memories and feelings which lead to sense of one’s identity and continuity.
Personal Unconscious (socially unacceptable mental content that has hence become unconscious)
-Like Freud by unconscious and preconscious material, have been defensively forced out of awareness because of their threatening nature.
Collective Unconscious (communal, species memory that never can achieve consciousness; composed of opposing Archetypes)
-has enormous influence on behavior as well as an indirect effect on consciousness most clearly seen in such events as the déjà vu experience
-our minds are born we inherit all the species memory of those who lived before us.

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WHICH DOES JUNG GIVE MORE IMPORTANCE TO?

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COLLECTIVE CONSCIOUSNESS

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ARCHETYPES

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UNIVERSAL THOUGHTS AND FEELINGSunconscious and tends to create images or visions that correspond to aspects of conscious experience.
-they can never become conscious,

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THE SHADOW

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ARCHETYPE, JUNG,core characterstic of personality, consist of essentialistic forms of the animal instincts inherited from lower forms of life.
-become part of personal unconsciousness

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ANIMA AND ANIMUS

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basis for bisexuality, feminine archetype is anima, masculine archetype is the animus.

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PERSONA

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ARCHETYPE,JUNG, basis mask that people adopt in response to the demands of social convention and tradition as well as own archetypes.
-make good impression on others and onself.

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EGO-JUNG

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REPRESENTS TRUE ACCURATE CONSCIOUSNESS

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PSYCHIC ENERGY

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energy involved in psychological thinking, feeling and acting

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development-jung

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Relevant concepts: Causality vs. Teleogogy: human personality can be comprehended in terms of future goals, causality explains the present in terms of the past.
Progression vs. Regression: progression sign of growth
Sublimation vs Repression: discharge of energy, but when blocked repression takes place.
-the best you can do-very sensitive, hope for the best

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periphery-jung-4nonideal types

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Intoversive-rational
Extroversive-rational
Introversive-irrational
Exrtroversive-irrational

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ideal type-jung

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selfhood

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Fullfillment model

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one great force that needs to be fully expressed

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Actualization

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inborn potentialities that can either be expressed fully or blocked;force is to express an ever greater degree the capabilities, potentialities, or talents based in one’s genetic constitution

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carl rogers-core tendency

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To actualize one’s inherent potentialities
-which means that a pressure in people leads them in the direction of becoming whatever it is they are inherited to be.

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core characteristics rogers

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1. The INHERENT POTENTIALITIES
2. The NEED FOR POSITIVE REGARD: person’s satisfaction at receiving the approvals of others and frustration at receiving disaaproval
3. The NEED FOR POSITIVE SELF REGARD (includes the self)
-personal satification at approving and dissatisfaction at disapproving oneself.

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development rogers ideal and non ideal type

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Ideal: Unconditional positive regard, leading to congruence between inherent potentialities and self, and openness
Nonideal: Conditional positive regard, leading to conditions of worth, incongruence between inherent potentialities and self, and defensiveness

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periphery ideal type-rogers

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FULLY FUNCTIONING PERSON
a. OPENNESS TO EXPERIENCE
b. EXISTENTIAL LIVING
c. ORGANISMIC TRUSTING
d. EXPERIENTIAL FREEDOM
e. CREATIVITY

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periphery nonideal type -rogers

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2. Nonideal Type:
a. DEFENSIVENESS
b. PRECONCEIVED PLANS
c. CONDITIONS OF WORTH
d. FEELING CONTROLLED
e. CONFORMISM

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Maslow

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fullfillment model,actualization

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maslow-core tendency

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To satisfy survival needs (deprivation motivation) and to actualize inherent potentialities (growth motivation)

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maslow core characteristics

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Deprivation Motivation: PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS, SAFETY NEEDS, NEEDS FOR BELONGING AND LOVE, ESTEEM NEEDS
Growth Motivation: NEED FOR SELF-ACTUALIZATION, and NEED FOR COGNITIVE UNDERSTANDING

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development for maslow

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Not much specification; seems to agree with Rogers, agrees with Roger’s about core tendency to push toward actualization of inherent potentialities

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periphery for maslow-ideal type

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Ideal Type: SELF-ACTUALIZED PERSON (REALISTIC ORIENTATION, ACCEPTANCE OF SELF AND OTHERS, SPONTANEITY, TASK ORIENTATION, SENSE OF PRIVACY, INDEPENDENCE, APPRECIATIVENESS, SPIRITUALITY, IDENTITY WITH HUMANKIND, DEMOCRATIC VALUES, DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MEANS AND ENDS, HUMOR, CREATIVENESS, NONCONFORMISM

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what personality is

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-stable set of tendencies and characteristics that determine those commonalities and differences in people’s psychological behavior that have continuity in time and that may not be easily understood as sole result of social biological pressures of the moment.

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conflict model

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caught in the clash between two great forces , basic nature people bring into the world pushes them into conflict with each other
-emphasize compromise as ideal.

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psychosocial

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one force lies within each individual, other force lies in groups or societies.
-at the peripheral level, psychosocial conflict theories have a telltale approach to the compromise that expresses ideal functioning.
-do not know the real truth about ourselves

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intrapsychic

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Both great forces arise from within the person regardless of whether he or shes acts as an individual or as a member of society.
-presents one part of the individual pitied against another.

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fullfillment model

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-@ core level only one great force and locates it within the individual.
-simplier and more heroic.
-accept and value who you are and make every effort to express it in your daily living.

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freud

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instincts>rationalization<guilt
-had a big role in destroying greek ways, instinct and guilt used in a defensive way.
-use mind defensively, don’t know whats really going on.

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core tendency freud

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*Core tendency: to maximize instinctual gratification while minimizing punishment and guilt.

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core characteristics freud

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ID- Life, sex and death instinct

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ID-freud

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Wishes, attendant emotions and metabolic substrata, ex wish to have sex with someone.
Selfish and antisocial
Unmitigated expression brings punishment

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death instinct: freud

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also talked about this, death is also a natural part of living, biological death of the person.
-there’s anabolic processes which determine birth and growth and then there’s catabolic processes

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life instinct:freud

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survival of the fittest

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instinct freud

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selfish and antisocial & express openly, other ppl punish you and make you feel guilty. All competitive

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LIBIDO

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the energy of the sexual instinct comes from the sensitivity, irritation, or tension when they are deprived of sexual expression.
-the psychic or mental expression of the tension and aim of the instinct is uncomfortable emotions.

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partial gratification

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kissing, fondling, stimulation of the moth and anus through activities related to eating and eliminating, homosexual gratification.

-if one only seeks out partial gratification, then this points to faulty development and psychopathology

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infant must develop an

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ego--at birth they are first composed of id wishes and emotions, but as experience accumulates par t of the mind becomes the ego.

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ego-freud

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core characteristics of personality ( Defensive function), helps to even out the superego

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pleasure priniciple

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the attempt to achieve biological necessities becomes not only selfish but effective, both its selfish and its biologically satisfying quality.
-pleasure principle cannot be fully functioned otherwise it would cause madness in the world.

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superego freud

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Taboos and guilt . make you feel ridiculous and powerless . potentially feeling guilty
Internalized effects of punishment.

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reality functioning principle

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not only the instinctual demands but also the opposing demands of society.
They choose socially acceptable forms and routines of instinctual functioning

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DEFENSE

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mechanism that maximizes instinct gratification while minimizing punishment and guilt, which is called DEFENSE.

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freuds view on development

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(does psychosocial development keep pace with biological maturation? )
-whether psychosocial keeps place with biological maturation, it can happen during oral anal or phallic.
-very punishing to child there could be fixation at oral stage of life. –preoccupied orally.
-with either too much frustration or too much indulgence the child develops fixation, or becomes stuck @ particular level of development.

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parent child relationship/ideal and non ideal to freud

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The ideal balance indulgence and deprivation
Non ideal is either excessive indulgence or deprivation, leading to fixation.

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peripheral type-freud, non ideal types

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Oral (dependency traits: defenses of denial and projection)-project very dependent and narsisstic, deny it, project antisocial aspect.
Projection: process of being unaware of wishes, feelings and impulses in oneself that might provoke punishment and guilt and simultaneously misperceiving other people as having these same wishes, feelings and impulses.
Denial, introjections:process of incorporating another person, virtually becoming that person-avoid persons threatening nature or potential danger in ones own instinct.
Anal (control and aggression traits: reaction formation and intellectualization defenses. )
Mental defenses, seeing about yourself of what opposite of what you are to them.
Reaction formation: leads to messiness, tardiness stinginess
Intellectualtization: denying sexualness, taking care of mother instead of meeting other women. Never would go out with woman.
Phallic(flirtatious traits: repressive defenses)
Pleasure and pain in genitalia, flirt with others without realizing they are doing it. Use repressive traits,people think you want to have sex with them but are just flirting.

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IDEAL type freud

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GENITAL-to love and to work
All traits shown in moderate degree
All defenses shown in moderate degree (sublimation)
-opposite sex parent-> without realizing it you are thinking about them.
-to love and to work-> best instinctual gratification wit out provoking guilt
-moderate degree: sublimation-defensive process without arousing punishment and guilt
-almost no one becomes the genital type.

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core tendency erikson

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similar to freud, non defensive

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core characteristics erikson

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1. ID: But more social than in Freud
2.Ego: similar to Freud, but also “conflict free ego sphere” , the ego expresses without you knowing , non defensive
Superego: similar to freud

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development of erikson...not like freud why

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-similar to freud but biological sexuality deemphasized in favor of psychosocial conflict between child and parents. -> psychosocial conflict not biological.

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core characteristics erikson

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1. ID: But more social than in Freud
2.Ego: similar to Freud, but also “conflict free ego sphere” , the ego expresses without you knowing , non defensive
Superego: similar to freud

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development of erikson...not like freud why

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-similar to freud but biological sexuality deemphasized in favor of psychosocial conflict between child and parents. -> psychosocial conflict not biological.