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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is a personality disorder?
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an enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that manifest in two or more of the following: cognition, affectivity, interpersonal functioning, impulse control
enduring pattern is inflexible significant distress or impairment pattern is stable and can be traced back to adolescence or early adulthood |
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What is a personality disorder?
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an enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that manifest in two or more of the following: cognition, affectivity, interpersonal functioning, impulse control
enduring pattern is inflexible significant distress or impairment pattern is stable and can be traced back to adolescence or early adulthood |
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What are cluster A personality disorders?
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suspicious, odd:
paranoid schizoid schizotypal |
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What are cluster A personality disorders?
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suspicious, odd:
paranoid schizoid schizotypal |
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What are cluster B personality disorders?
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dramatic:
antisocial borderline histrionic narcissistic |
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What are cluster B personality disorders?
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dramatic:
antisocial borderline histrionic narcissistic |
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What are cluster C personality disorders?
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avoidant
dependent obsessive-compulsive |
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What are cluster C personality disorders?
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avoidant
dependent obsessive-compulsive |
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What % of people in the US have a personality disorder?
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14.8%
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What % of people in the US have a personality disorder?
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14.8%
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What is the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive PD?
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1-8%
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What is the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive PD?
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1-8%
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What is the prevalence of paranoid PD?
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2%
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What is the prevalence of paranoid PD?
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2%
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What is the prevalence of antisocial PD?
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3%
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What is the prevalence of antisocial PD?
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3%
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What is the prevalence of schizoid PD?
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3-7% ?
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What is the prevalence of schizoid PD?
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3-7% ?
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What is the prevalence of schizotypical PD?
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3%
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What is the prevalence of schizotypical PD?
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3%
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What is the prevalence of avoidant personality disorder?
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1-10%
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What is the prevalence of histrionic PD?
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2-3%
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What is the prevalence of borderline PD?
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1-2%
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What is the prevalence of dependent personality disorder?
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0.5%
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What is the prevalence of narcissistic PD?
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<1%
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Genetic factors have been implicated in which PD?
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antisocial
borderline schizotypal |
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What two etiologies have been implicated in PD?
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genetic factors in certain
enviormnetal factors have been implicated in development of maladaptive behavioral patterns; chaotic home environment and abuse |
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What are the characterisitics in Paranoid PD?
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a pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of other such that their motives are interpreted as malevolent
-suspects others are exploiting or deceiving him -preoccupied with unjustified doubts of loyalty -is reluctant to confide in others because he believes they will use the information against him -reads hidden meanings into benign remarks -persistently bears a grudge -preceives attacks on his character -recurrent suspicions regarding fidelity of spouse or sexual partner |
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What are the characterisitics in Schizoid PD?
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Pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationships and restricted expression of emotion with 4 or more of the following:
- neither desires nor enjoys close relationships - almost always choose solitary activities - liffle if any interest in sexual experiences with another person - takes pleasure in few if any activities - lacks close friends other than first-degree relatives - appears indifferent to the praise or criticism of others - shows emotional coldness or flattened affect |
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What are the characteristics of schizotypical personality disorder?
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a pervasive pattern of social and interpersonal deficits with reduced capacity for close relationships as well as cognitive or perceptual distortions and eccentricities of behavior with 5 or more of the following:
- ideas of reference - odd beliefs or magical thinking - unusual perceptual experiences including bodily illusions - odd thinking and speech - suspiciousness or paranoid ideation - inappropriate or constricted affect - behavior or appearance htat is odd or eccentric - lack of close friends other than first-degree relatives - excessive social anxiety that does not diminish with familarity |
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What are the characteristics of antisocial PD?
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A pervasive pattern of disregard for an violation of the rights of others occuring since the age of 15 years as indicated by 3 or more of the following:
- failure to conform to social norms with respect to lawful behaviors - deceitfulness and connin others for personal profit or pleasure - impulsivity or failure to plan ahead - irritability or aggressiveness as indicated by repeated fights or assaults - reckless disregard for saftey or self or others - consistent irresponsibility - lack of remorse there is evidence of conduct disorder with onset before age 15 |
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What are the characterisitcs of borderline PD?
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pervasive pattern on instability of interpersonal relationships, self image and affects and marked impulsivity as indicated by 5 or more of the following:
- frantic efforst to avoid abandonment - unstable and intense interpersonal relationships characterized by alternating between extremes of idealization and devaluation - identity distrubance - impulsivity in at least two areas that are potentially self-damaging - recurrent suicidal behaviors, getures or threats or self-mutilating behaviors - affective instability due to a marked reactivity of mood - chronic feelings of emptiness - inapprpriate anger - transient, stress-related paranoia |
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What are the characteristics of histrionic PD?
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pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking indicated by >= 5 of the following:
- uncomfortable in situations which he is not the center of attention - interaction with others often characterized by inappropriate sexuality seductive behavior - displays rapidly shifting and shallow expression of emotion - consitently uses physical appearance to draw attention to self - has a style that is excessively impressionistic and lacking in detail - shows self-dramatization and exaggerated emotion - is suggestible - considers relationships to be more intimate than they are |
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What are the characterisitcs of narcissitic personality disorder?
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a pervasive pattern of grandiosity (in fantasy or behavior), need for admiration, lack of empathy as indicated by >= 5 or more of the following:
- grandiose sense of self-importance - preoccupied with fantasies of unlimited success, power, brilliance or beauty - believe he is special and can only be understood or should associate with other special or high status people - requires excessive admiration - has a sense of entitlement - is interpersonally exploitive - lacks empathy - is often envious of others and beleive other are envious of them - shows arrogant, haughty behaviors or attitudes |
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What are the characterisitcs of avoidant personality disorder?
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a pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation as indicated by > = 4 or more of the following:
- avoids social occupations that involve signifant interpersonal contact - unwilling to get involved with people unless certain of being liked - is preoccupied with being critizies in social situations - shows restraint in intimate relationships because of fear o being shamed or ridiculed - inhibited in new interpersonal situations because of feeling inadequate - views self as socially inept and unappealing - in unusually reluctant to take personal risks or engage in any new activites because they might prove embarassing |
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What are the characterisitcs of dependent personality disorder?
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a pervasive and excessive need to be taken care of that leads to submissive and clining behaviors and fears of separation as indicated by >= 5 of the following:
- has difficulty makin everyday decisions without an excessive amount of reassurance - needs others to assume responsibility for most major areas of his life - has difficulty expressing disagreement withers because of fear of loss of approval - difficulty initating projects on his own because of lack of self confidence - goes to excessive length nuturance and support from others - feels uncomfortable or helpless when alone - urgently seeks another relationship as a source of care and support when a relationship ends - is unrealistically preoccupied with fears of being left to take care of himself |
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What are the characteristics of obsessive-compulsive PD?
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a pervasive pattern or preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism and mental and interpersonal control at the expense of flexibility, openness as indicated by >= 4 of the following:
- preoccupied with details, rules, lists, order or schedules to the extent that the major point of activity is lost - shows rigidity and stubbornness - perfectionism that interferes with task completion - excessively devoted to work and productivity to the exculsion of leisure activity and friends - over conscientious and inflexible about matter of morals or ethics - is unable to discard worn or worthless objects even those without sentimental value - reluctant to delegate taks - adpots miserly spending style toward self and others |
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What is the treatment for personality disorders?
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you cannot cure but can increase effectiveness of the patient's function
if it is ego-syntonic it will be difficult to engage the patient |
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What may increasing levels of serotonin do for those with PD?
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reduce depression, impulsiveness, rumination and may enhance a sense of well being
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What drugs may be effective in modulating affective stability in persons with PD?
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low dose neuroleptics
MAOIs Mood stabilizers |
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What comorbid disorder should you screen for in persons with antisocial PD?
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substance abuse and depressive disorders
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What comorbid disorder should you screen for in persons with boderline PD?
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mood disorder
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What comorbid disoder should you screen for in persons with histrionic PD?
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somatization disorder
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