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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
personality trait vs. disorder
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disorder - when personality style is INFLEXIBLE and MALADAPTIVE
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is an abrupt personality change a personality disorder?
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NO. is almost always due to a general medical condition
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cluster A "weird"
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a. paranoid
b. schizoid c. schizotypal |
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cluster B "wild"
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a. antisocial
b. histrionic c. borderline d. narcissistic |
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cluster C "worried"
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a. avoidant
b. dependent c. obsessive-compulsive |
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Paranoid personality disorder
- cluster - essential feature - key defense mechanism - distinguish from other paranoid disorders? |
- A
- distrust, suspiciousness of others and their motives - expects deception - "collects" injustices, grudges - seems to NEED an enemy - key defense mechanism: PROJection of hostile impulses onto others - paranoid personality SUSPECTS - delusional disorder BELIEVES - schizophrenia, paranoid type BELIEVES, PLUS has markedly impaired fxning |
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schizotypal personality disorder
- cluster - essential features - manifestations of the peculiarity - course and complication |
- A
- Peculiarity in perceptions, speech, behavior. Chronic INTERPERSONAL DEFICITS (no close friends, discomfort in social interactions, more related to suspiciousness than to shyness) - ideas of reference, suspiciousness, paranoid. magical thinking. illusions or unusual perceptions. peculiar behavior/appearance - LIFELONG. likely does NOT deteriorate into schizophrenia. sensitive to stress-producing episodes of BRIEF PSYCHOTIC DISORDER |
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schizoid personality disorder
- cluster - essential features - a/w with 1st-degree relatives of pts with schizoprenia? |
- A
- 1. detached/indfferent to social relationships. 2. Restricted Range of emotinal experience and expression (rarely experiences strong emotion) - NO! UNLIKE PARANOID AND SCHIZOTYPAL, there is no definite increase in prevalence of schizoid personality in 1st-degree relatives of pts with schizoprenia |
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Tx of cluster B disorders
- establish _____________ - don't ______ feelings of hate, rage, bewilderment at the patient. why? - look for ___________________ in the patient - give each request a fair hearing? |
- establish the ground rules
- don't SUPPRESS emotions. they just become hiddne from view and influence you in ways you are not seeing - look diligently for something GENUINELY ADMIRABLE/LIKEABLE in the patient. this greatly enhances your ability to be supportive while still setting appropriate limits - yes (respond to actual merits of the request, not based on how it was asked for) |
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narcissistic personality disorder
- cluster - essential features - why would this person ignore/deny illness? |
- B
- grandiosity. need for admiration. lack of empathy for others - illness is a blow to self-esteem - disfigurement, separation from tasks for which he receives admiration. will demand "VIP" tx and exemptions from policies |
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antisocial personality disorder
- cluster - essential features - these people often have a veneer of _________ - genetics? - environment? - part of deviant subgroup? bad associates? living in high crime neighborhood? - do they "grow out of it"? - comorbidities |
- B
- disregard for/violation of the rights of others! BEGINS BEFORE AGE OF 15 and continues into adulthood (lying, repeatedly breaking laws, aggressive, fights. lack of remorse about pain caused to others) - veneer of charm, seductiveness, and sincerity - whether raised by father or not, child has ^ risk of antisocial personality disorder - kids with ASP parents raised by other adults have DECREAsed risk of delinquency. developing consistent emotional ties with any significant adult decreases risk of delinquency - those thigns play NO ROLE in development of ASP - yes, some grow out of it. - depression, alcoholism (25-30%), somatoform disorders |
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histrionic personality disorder
- cluster - essential features - tx |
- B
- excessive emotionality, attention seeking - dramatic, shallow, seductive, overly concerned with physical appearance - these patients appreciate more of an AUTHORITARIAN, "trust me, im the doctor. this is what we need to do" |
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borderline personality disorder
- cluster - essential features - what drives this instability? - medical implications |
- B
- INSTABILITY - of relationships, mood, self-image, impulse control, etc... - 1. HX OF EARLY ABUSE (as many as 80% of women with borderline personality disorder) - (deep-seated rage) 2. splitting - ppl are all bad, or all good, and categorization can rapidly change 3. lack of object constancy 4. the dramatic triangle - persecutor, victim and rescuer. ppl switch b/t roles, maybe first as a rescuer, then as a persecutor 5. conflict b/t desperate dependency and fear of closeness 6. manipulative suicide gestures - meets dependency needs, punishes ppl who didnt care enough, punishes self in response to feelings of worthlessness - may tell about all the other awful doctors, that you are the first to "really understand" him/her |
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dependent personality disorder
- cluster - essential features |
- C
- dependent behavior (relies on others for basic everyday decisions!) - submissive behavior due to fears of separation (puts up with abusive relationship) |
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avoidant personality disorder
- cluster - essential features - contrast to social phobia - medical implications |
- C
- fear of REJECTION or negative evaluation. Social inhibition and feelings of inadequacy - social phobia is fear of HUMILIATION, and has a different timeline - avoids significant interpersonal contact B/C of fears of rejection/disapproval - views self as socially inept, unappealing, inferior, inadequate - illness forces patient into multiple social contacts (uncomfortable).... initially fearful of, then overly reliant upon docs |
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Obsessive-Compulsive personality disorder
- cluster - essential features: 1. preoccupied with: 2. at the expense of: - compare to OCD - a common dynamic - medical implications |
- C
1. orderliness, perfectionism, mental and interpersonal control 2. flexibility, openness, efficiency - here, it is more "OBSESSIVENESS" as in being "obsessed" with a goal and "obsessing" over decisions - needs to be IN CONTROL - productivity/achievement are threatened by illness. yielding to medical team is difficult. explain pathophysiology |