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40 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Personality
The dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine his characteristic behavior and thought.
Becoming
Allport saw personality as striving toward unity and as continually evolving and changing. The person was in this state
Genotype
The underlying tendency
Phenotypes
The reaction to the genotype, hellion at home; angel at school.
Psychophysical systems
Personality consists of both mind and body elements organized into a complex, inextricable unity
Temperament
The characteristic phenomena of an individual's emotional nature, including his susceptibility to emotional stimulation, his customary strength and speed of response, the quality of his prevailing mood, and all peculiarities of fluctuation and intensity in mood.
Trait Theory
Revolves around the different kinds of traits that are contained in the self
Proprium
Self
Trait
Is something that actually exists but is invisible,A generalized and focalized neuropsychic system with the capacity to render many stimuli functionally equivalent and to initiate and guide consistent forms of adaptive and expressive behavior.
Cardinal Traits
Characteristics that are pervasive and dominant in a person's life
Central Traits
Characteristics that control less of a person's behavior but are nevertheless important
Secondary Traits
Characteristics that are peripheral to the person-preferences
Common Traits
categories for classifying groups of people on a particular dimension
Personal Dispositions
A unique characteristic of the person, a trait not shared with others
Proprium Stages
The bodily self, self-identity, self-esteem, self-extension, self-image, the self-as-rational -coper, propriate striving, the self-as-knower
The Bodily Self
Happens in infancy; the realization of our body and its messages
Self-Identity
First 18 months of life; The creation of a identity of one's self
Self-Esteem
Second and Third year of life; Pride and humiliation, the testing of boundaries especially authority figures
Self-Extension
4-6 Years of age; In the early stages is selfishness; in the later stages it is unselfishness
Self-Image
Learned expectations of the roles we are required to enact and aspirations for the future we seek to attain
The self-as-rational-coper
6-12 years of age; Exercising rationale to deal with problems
Propriate Striving
Begins at age 13; involve the deliberate increase or maintenance of tensions in the service of important goals
Peripheral motives
Impulses and drives-striving toward the immediate gratification of needs and reductions of tension
The self-as-knower
Adulthood;Integrating all prior aspects of the proprium in a unified whole.
Mature Personality
Only the adult is capable of coming close to self-relization.
Functional Autonomy
The moving away from adolescence to being able to function as an adult, immature strivings and that characterized by mature motives
Maturity
Those able to free themselves from excessive reliance on earlier motives
Characteristics of Maturity
Extension of the sense of self, Warm relatedness to others, Self-acceptance, realistic perception of reality, self-objectification, unifying philosophy of life
Extension of the sense of self
Not concerned only about own welfare but also about the welfare of others
Warm relatedness to others
Intimacy - the capacity for love, compassion -
Self-Acceptance
Avoid overreacting to matters that are beyond their control, tolerance for a high level of frustration
Realistic perception of Reality
Problem-centered not ego-centered; Do not bend reality
Self-objectification
Insight into own abilities, see absurdity in life and not overwhelmed by it. Correlated with humor.
Unifying philosophy of life
A clear comprehension of life's purpose in terms of an intelligible theory
Therapy Implications
Feeling of insecurity or society pressure can cause for the underdevelopment of personality traits
Comprehensiveness of Allport's Theory
It is eclectic, learning theory, psychoanalysis and existentialism. Largely limited to healthy development. Little attempt to explain social factors.
Precision and testability
No tests available to test theory with ill-defined concepts
Parsimony
Has too few concepts to account for the phenomena of self-development
Heuristic Value
Still relevant and still studied today.
Applied Value
Not valued outside of psychology but is great for clinical psychologists.