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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The periodontium is supporting tissues of the tooth including what 4 things? |
1. Cementum 2. Periodontal ligament 3. Bone lining alveolus 4. Gingiva facing tooth (not always included) |
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PDL attaches __ to __ Forms aspecialized fibrous joint called? -Tissue comes from ectomesenchyme What covers the root and lies over Tomes granular layer in dentin? |
alveolar bone to cementum Gomphosis Cementum |
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What is similar to bone in composition? -has collagen, protein, and minerals like hydroxyapatite (45-50%) |
Cementum |
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Odontoblast lay down large collagen fibers They also secrete predentin and cells of the dental follicle give rise to? The above comes from? |
cementoblasts that form cementum Neural crest origin (ectomesenchym) Root sheath cells |
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Cementogenesis: Cervical loop becomes HERs located? Acts like presecretory ameloblasts and induces? |
At the junction of the inner and outer enamel epithelium odontoblasts of the root |
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Odontoblast first lay down __ then produce? What gives rise to cementoblasts? Cementum forms on root only after? |
Collagen fibers, then predentin Cells of the dental follicle (can be neural crest or root sheath origination but still not known) Dentin deposition begins along HERS -this causes transformation of cells into cementoblasts |
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Primary cementum forms first and is __ and becomes? As cementum is being laid down, what pass between cementoblasts and becomes embedded in the inorganic matrix? |
acellular, becomes mineralized PDL fibers (Sharpey's fibers) -made of collagen |
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Other cells of HERS migrate away from the dentin toward the? They become epithelial cell rests of Malassez found in the? |
dental sac PDL |
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Cementoblasts first make primary cementum then they make secondary cementum The primary acellular cementum has one layer over the entire root near the __ while the secondary acellular cementum is layered over the acellular mainly in the? Acellular is formed at a __ rate while cellular is formed at a? -Acellular has NO embedded cementocytes while cellular does - acellular: width is constant - cellular: width can widen, layers can be added - cellular can be absent in single-rooted teeth |
acellular: cervical 1/3 cellular: apical 1/3 in the interradicular region of premolar and molar teeth acellular: slow cellular: fast |
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Acellular primary cementum -cementoblasts at the surface -Junction with dentin is the? -Cementoblasts make collagen fibers and are the fibrous fringe at the? |
Tome's granular layer Junction of cementum and dentin |
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Cementum has 2 striations: Parallel incremental layers that reflect? Horizontal striations reflect the? Which cementum is the attachment cementum where pdl inserts into and is closer to dentin? |
sequential layering of cementum Insertion of PDL fibers Acellular fiber cementum |
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Cementoid is unmineralized but then becomes mineralized trapping __ in the cellular cementum. When its trapped its called? Canaliculi are directed toward? |
-Cementoblasts -Trapped cementoblasts = cementocytes -Cementocytes in the lacunae and collagen fibers intermingle with dentin collagen The tooth surface toward the PDL where blood supply is Note: cementoblast at surface and cementocytes surrounded by matrix |
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Cementum and enamel junction can have variations:
- Can be overlapping cementum - a gap (which can lead to __) - cementum and enamel butting against each other |
oversentitivity |
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Cementum can be repaired and removed by? Cementum is __ readily resorbed than bone *Which is important in orthodontic movement |
Odontoclasts Cementum is LESS readily resorbed than bone |
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Lamina dura is the alveolar bone lining the tooth socket and is where the pdl inserts They all meet at alveolar crest |
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The lamina dura that lines the socket is the lamina dura. The outer part of the lamina dura has insertions of pdl and this bone is called the? The fibers in this bone is called? |
bundle bone -this bone is often remodeled due to tooth development Sharpey's fibers |
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The Periodontal Ligament (PDL) supports/attaches/cushions teeth It also has __ and transmits? |
Has a nerve supply -Transmits forces, pain, touch, pressure, temperature |
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Blood vessels leave the __ of the alveolar bone proper to supply the PDL |
Volkmann's canal |
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Tooth movement: -on the other side you pull the pdl and new bone will get laid down What resorbs bone? |
Bone is resorbed Osteoclasts |
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PDL Development: Starts in the __ around the enamel organ (dental sac) What gives rise to fibroblasts, cementoblasts, cementoclasts, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts? -Also gives rise to fibers and ground substance (collagen and elastic fibers) |
Ectomesenchyme |
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HERS is disrupted and __ form from ectomesnchymal cells of the dental sac __ forms from the dental sac Osteoblasts develop and form? |
Cementoblasts Collagen Alveolar bone |
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The fibers in periodontal ligament are? They are remodeled in response to? |
Type I and III collagen and elastic microfibrils Function (orthodontics and chewing) Metabolism (vitamin C) Aging (more fibrous, less cellular, less replacement) |
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*** What are the 5 sets of fibers located in the PDL? |
1. Alveolar crest fibers 2. Horizontal fibers 3. Oblique fibers 4. Apical fibers 5. Interradicular fibers |
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In the PDL there are __ that are located in the middle, it surrounds the tooth like a basket |
Blood vessels form a single-layered vascular mesh |
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Nerves run form the __ to the __ What are the 4 types of nerve endings? |
apical region to the gingival margin 1. Free nerve endings (pain/pressure/Temp) 2. Ruffini endings (pressure) 3. Coiled ending 4. Encapsulated |
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What connects the cervical cementum from one tooth to the next? -resists rotational force -holds teeth in interproximal contact |
Interdental ligament |
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***This group is located in the lamina propria of the marginal gingiva and supports the gingival tissue in order to maintain its relationship to the tooth |
Gingival fiber group *THEY ARE NOT PART OF THE PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT |
