Period 4

Front 1

Creation of Federalists and Democrat-Republicans

Back 1

Political parties did form in the United States and had their beginnings in Washington's cabinet.

Front 2

Nature of Supreme Court Decisions

Back 2

To determine which model better accounted for judicial decisions, we used Supreme Court cases

Front 3

National v. Local Concerns

Back 3

Is the issues of the public against the issue of local state or neighborhood issues

Front 4

Southerners Defend Slavery

Back 4

The South defended slavery as a necessary evil, they argued that the emergence of cotton as the most important cash crop in the country made slaves necessary.

Front 5

Effects of Second Great Awakening

Back 5

It led to reforms including prisons, drinking, women rights, and slavery

Front 6

US Government Restricts African-Americans' Citizenship

Back 6

The fourteenth amendment addresses citizenship rights and equal protection of the laws, and was proposed in response to issues related to former slaves

Front 7

Resistance to Democracy and Inclusion

Back 7

The new republic struggled to define and extend democratic ideals in the face of rapid economic,territorial, and demographic changes.

Front 8

New National Culture

Back 8

A new set of norms, behaviors, beliefs and customs that exist within the population of a sovereign nation.

Front 9

African-American Communities and Strategies

Back 9

African Americans created communities and strategies to protect their dignity and their family structures, some even launched abolitionist and reform movements aimed at changing their status

Front 10

Innovation that Extend Markets

Back 10

The assembly line and the innovations in transportation helped extend markets

Front 11

New Jobs for Women and Low-skilled Workers

Back 11

Factory owners could hire workers to replace low-skilled employees who went on strike. Scabs were replacement workers who could easily be trained to do the job of the low-skilled worker

Front 12

Effects of Southern Cotton Growth

Back 12

The thriving cotton industry led to the rise of large-scale commercial agriculture.

Front 13

The American System

Back 13

This "System" consisted of three mutually reinforcing parts: a tariff to protect and promote American industry; a national bank to foster commerce; and federal subsidies for roads, canals, and other "internal improvements" to develop profitable markets for agriculture.

Front 14

Effects of Government's Attempt to Exploit Natural Resources

Back 14

Mining pollution results in toxic contamination of the natural water supply causing widespread killing of aquatic life. When a mining company ends a project after extracting the raw materials from an area of a developing country, the local people are left to manage with the environmental damage done to their community

Front 15

Effects of Canals and New Western Territories

Back 15

Greatly lowered the cost of shipping

Front 16

Effects of Migrants from Europe

Back 16

It established the precedent for new lands to be administered by the central government

Front 17

Southern Distinction

Back 17

Distinction between southern areas and political reasons due to economy

Front 18

Effects of Market Revolution

Back 18

This rapid development of manufacturing and improved farming had such a profound effect on American society that historians often refer to it as the Market Revolution.

Front 19

Reasons that Regional Interests Trumped National Interests

Back 19

Regional interests continued to trump national concerns as the basis for many political leaders’positions on economic issues including slavery, the national bank, tariffs, and internal improvements.

Front 20

Effects of Louisiana Purchase

Back 20

Helped us gain more land and to become more economically stable after the war

Front 21

Methods of Dominance over Continent

Back 21

Is the political, economic, or military predominance or control of one state over others

Front 22

Debates over Expanding Border

Back 22

An aggressive slogan adopted in the Oregon boundary dispute, a dispute over where the border between Canada and Oregon should be drawn

Front 23

Resistance to Government Control

Back 23

Is an organized effort by some portion of the civil population of a country to resist the legally established government or an occupying power and to disrupt civil order and stability

Front 24

Missouri Compromise

Back 24

Was a federal statute in the United States that regulated slavery in the country's western territories

Front 25

Effects of Slaveholders' Desires to Move West

Back 25

To many nineteenth century Americans, the expansion of slavery into Western territories caused a great deal of controversy

Front 26

Battle of Tippecanoe

Back 26

Was fought on November 7, 1811 Indiana between United States forces led by Governor William Henry Harrison of the Indiana Territory and Native American warriors associated with the Shawnee leader Tecumseh

Front 27

Hartford Convention

Back 27

Hartford Convention Meeting of Federalists near the end of the War of 1812 in which the party listed it's complaints against the ruling Republican Party. These actions were largely viewed as traitorous to the country and lost the Federalist much influence

Front 28

Panic of 1819

Back 28

Was the first major peacetime financial crisis in the United States followed by a general collapse of the American economy persisting through 1821

Front 29

Lowell System

Back 29

Was a labor and production model employed in the United States, during the early years of the American textile industry in the early 19th century

Front 30

"Peculiar Institution"

Back 30

Was a euphemism for slavery and the economic ramifications of it in the American South

Front 31

Universal White Male Suffrage

Back 31

Is a form of voting rights in which all adult males within a political system are allowed to vote, regardless of income, property, religion, race, or any other qualification

Front 32

Women's Christian Temperance Union

Back 32

Was the first mass organization among women devoted to social reform with a program that "linked the religious and the secular through concerted and far-reaching reform strategies based on applied Christianity

Front 33

Transcendentalists

Back 33

Is a person who accepts these ideas not as religious beliefs but as a way of understanding life relationships

Front 34

Revivalism

Back 34

Is increased spiritual interest or renewal in the life of a church congregation or society, with a local, national or global effect

Front 35

Cult of Domesticity

Back 35

Also known as the cult of true womanhood (by people who like it), is a view about women in the 1800's